吐鲁番市棉田主要害虫发生动态及防治药剂筛选

目的]明确吐鲁番市棉田主要害虫的灾变规律并筛选防治药剂。方法]采用田间系统调查方法对棉花上主要害虫的发生规律进行研究,并以棉蚜和烟粉虱为试验对象,进行了几种防治药剂的筛选试验。结果]通过3年连续田间调查,确定吐鲁番市高昌区棉田主要害虫为棉蚜、棉铃虫和烟粉虱,棉蚜的种群动态均呈双峰型变化趋势,高峰期分别为6月中旬和7月上旬;棉铃虫的种群动态呈现无规律的波浪形变化;烟粉虱的种群动态呈单峰型,7月上旬种群数量明显增加。棉蚜、棉铃虫和烟粉虱3种棉田主要害虫的全年总虫量在不同年份间差异显著。田间药剂筛选试验结果表明:苦参碱和阿维菌素防治棉蚜效果较好,施药后15 d防效分别达97.7%和96.2%;噻虫嗪防治烟粉虱效果最好,施药后15 d防效可达95.17%,有较好的持效性。结论]试验结果为棉蚜、棉铃虫和烟粉虱的综合防治提供了理论依据。

Occurring Dynamics of Main Insect Pests in Cotton Field and Efficiency of Different Insecticides on Main Pests in Turpan

Objective] The aim was to clear the occurring dynamics of main insect pests in cotton field in Turpan and screen insecticides.Method] We investigated systemic regularity of outbreak of main insect pests in field and selected effective prevention medicament.Result] By 3 years continuous investigation,the main pests in cotton field in Turpan were Aphis gossypii,Helicoverpa armigera and Bemisia tabaci.Aphis gossypii reached doublet variation tendency,reaching the top in mid-June and early in July.Helicoverpa armigera waved irregularly,and Bemisia tabaci secular growth,increasing sharply early inJuly.The total quantity of three kinds of main pests in cotton had significant difference.The effects of four kinds of insecticides on Bemisia tabaci were very well,the efficiency of acetamiprid was 81.19％ in 3 days after spraying;the efficiency of imidacloprid,thiamethoxam and acetamiprid were all more than 85％ in 7 days after spraying;the efficiency of thiamethoxam was more than 95.17％ in 15 days after spraying,and had the good persistence.Conclusion] The results provide theoretical basis for comprehensive prevention and control of Aphis gossypii,Helicoverpa armigera and Bemisia tabaci.