秦皇岛地区干旱及其缓解措施初探

气候分析表明,随着气候变化及环境城市化,秦皇岛市区域年平均气温指数呈上升趋势,特别是近10年出现了连续偏高的异常变化;年降水指数呈明显减小趋势,出现了连年干旱,高温少雨使农田干旱、水库蓄水严重不足、生态环境恶化,因此人工增雨变得更加迫切。总结1999～2008年火箭人工增雨经验,人工增雨操作的技术关键一是分析局地降水气候规律,跟踪天气变化伴随增雨作业效果显著;二是利用碘化银进行人工增雨,需要适当的温度条件,即所谓进行冷云催化。在增雨时应充分考虑这一物理机制,选择好合适的发射高度,把催化剂送到可催化的温度环境中,以保证作业成功率。因此,在增雨作业时应尽可能准确地找出适宜催化云的适当部位,才能达到有效增雨缓解水资源短缺的目的。

Preliminary Discussion on the Drought and Its Alleviation Measures in Qinghuangdao Area

The climatic analysis showed the annual average temperature with the urbanization environment in Qinhuangdao tended to rise,especially the past ten years,being a abnormal change that led to the annual average temperature have been going up.The annual precipitation present decreasing trend,owing to successive years of drought,the lack of rain,high air temperature,serious shortage of water in reservoir,the deterioration of ecological environment,there was a pressing demand to artificial increasing precipitation.Now,the artificial weather modification has entered normal operational status.By summing up the experience of artificial increasing precipitation made by rocket from 1999 to 2008,the sky skills of artificial increasing precipitation were to analyze the climatic laws of the local precipitation,run after the changes of weather,in the meantime,have need of proper temperature conditions with artificial increasing precipitation using silver iodide,so-called the catalysis of cold cloud.In order to achieve better results,angle of rocket launcher must be suitable,so the catalyst can be sent the environment of catalysis with suitable temperature,and that will ensure success rate.The cloud body and the cloud situation had to be considered to get effective outcome when the operation of the weather modification would be worked out.