花卉栽培基质中城市污泥堆肥替代腐殖土比例的研究

目的]为了探讨花卉栽培基质中污泥堆肥替代腐殖土的可行性及最佳比例.方法]通过盆栽试验,研究了污泥堆肥不同比例对花卉栽培基质的理化性质及凤仙花生长发育的影响.结果]在污泥堆肥、蛭石、珍珠岩和腐殖土的混合基质中,随着污泥堆肥比例的提高,基质容重降低,孔隙度和持水率增加,基质盐分及pH、有机质、氮磷钾全量、磷钾有效量升高,有效氮含量降低,凤仙花株高增加量、最大叶长、最大叶宽、花朵数和花期、鲜重均提高,但当污泥堆肥全部替代腐殖土时,上述指标呈下降趋势.结论]混合基质以污泥堆肥∶腐殖土∶珍珠岩∶蛭石为2∶1∶1∶1时最佳,即污泥堆肥替代67％左右的腐殖土最佳.

Optimal Proportion of Sewage Sludge Compost Substitution for Humus Soil in Floriculture Substrate

Objective] The research aimed to investigate the feasibility and optimal proportion for sewage sludge compost in substituting for humus soil in flower cultivation matrix.Method] A pot experiment with impatiens as tested plant was conducted.And the physiochemical properties of the substrate and growth of the plants were determined.Result] In the mixed substrate of sludge compost,vermiculite,perlite and humus soil,the bulk density,porosity and water holding rate,pH and electrical conductance,organic matter,total nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium,the available phosphorus and potassium improved,while the available nitrogen content reduced with the increasing proportion of sludge compost.Consequently,the plant height,the maximum leaf length and leaf wide,the number of flowers and the fresh weight increased.The flowering stage was extended.However,as all humus soil was replaced by sewage sludge compost,these indexes showed downward trends.Conclusion]The optimal proportion of sewage sludge compost∶ humus soil∶ Perlite∶ vermiculite was 2∶1∶ 1 ∶ 1,showing about 67％ of humus soil could be replaced by sewage sludge compost.