玉米秸秆木屑混合生料地栽香菇技术研究

目的]为玉米秸秆与木屑组成的混合生料地栽香菇提供依据。方法]用玉米秸秆粉代替部分木屑(40%)的混合生料和木屑生料地栽香菇,计算香菇产量、生物学转化率、投入产出比。结果]混合生料的香菇菌丝生长速度快,菌丝长满培养料时间、转色时间、始菇期均比木屑生料提前。生料栽培污染率均比熟料栽培高,且混合生料的比木屑生料的高。混合生料的香菇出菇数量较多,菇体较小,木屑生料的出菇数量相对较少,菇体较大。混合生料香菇的产量和生物学转化率低于木屑生料,投入产出比高于木屑生料,达1∶4.2。结论]玉米秸秆与木屑组成的混合生料地栽香菇具有原料丰富,生产工艺简单,操作方便,生产成本低等优点。

Experimental Research on Cultivating Lentinula edodes with Unsterilized Mixed Material of Corn Stalk and Sawdust in Land

Objective] The study aimed to supply basis for cultivating Lentinula edodes with unsterilized mixed material of corn stalk and sawdust in land.Method] The unsterilized mixed material,in which 40% sawdust was replaced with corn stalk powder,and unsterilized sawdust were used to cultivate L.edodes in land and their yields,biological conversion ratios and input-output ratios were calculated.Result] The growth velocity of L.edodes hypha cultivated in the unsterilized mixed material was fast,and compared with the unsterilized sawdust,the time when the hypha overgrew the cultivating material,color-changed time and the initial fruiting period advanced.The polluted rate of cultivation with unsterilized material was higher than that with sterilized material and that with the unsterilized mixed material was higher than that with the unsterilized sawdust.The fruiting quantity of L.edodes cultivated with the unsterilized mixed material was more with smaller fruitbody,and that with the unsterilized sawdust was relatively less with bigger fruitbody.The yield and biological conversion ratio of L.edodes cultivated with the unsterilized mixed material were lower than that with the unsterilized sawdust and its input-output ratio was higher than that with the unsterilized sawdust,reaching 1∶4.2.Conclusion] Cultivation of L.edodes with unsterilized mixed material of corn stalk and sawdust in land had advantages of rich material, simple producing technology,convenient operation and low producing cost,etc.