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景天类和马齿苋类植物耐旱性快速评价方法初探
引用本文:刘文利,叶建军,余世孝,孙淑玲,李恒威,魏道江.景天类和马齿苋类植物耐旱性快速评价方法初探[J].安徽农业科学,2011,39(23):13907-13910,13917.
作者姓名:刘文利  叶建军  余世孝  孙淑玲  李恒威  魏道江
作者单位:1. 电子科大中山学院,广东中山528402;中山大学生命科学学院,广东广州510275
2. 中山大学生命科学学院,广东广州510275;襄樊学院建筑工程学院,湖北襄樊442053
3. 中山大学生命科学学院,广东广州,510275
4. 电子科大中山学院,广东中山,528402
5. 襄樊学院建筑工程学院,湖北襄樊,442053
基金项目:湖北省教育厅青年项目(Q20102606,B20112601)
摘    要:目的]建立快速、标准化测定景天类、马齿苋类植物耐旱性的评价方法。方法]以佛甲草、松叶景天、毛马齿苋为试验对象,比较了它们的叶片结构,研究了人工气候箱模拟高温干旱胁迫对它们形态特征及生理生化指标的影响,并探讨了上述指标对快速评价3种植物抗旱性的有效性。结果]用人工气候箱模拟干旱胁迫能显著提高3种植物耐旱性的筛选效率,建议以此为基础建立景天类、马齿苋类植物快速评价方法;叶片结构特征和形态变化与水分代谢紧密相关,可作为3种植物耐旱性评价的基本依据;干旱胁迫后,叶绿素和游离脯氨酸含量差异反映了3种植物对干旱胁迫的敏感程度,可作为耐旱性评价的参考;SOD、POD活性与3种植物对干旱的抵抗力不一致,不宜作为耐旱性评价的指标。结论]综合叶片解剖学、形态变化及复水试验结果,得到耐旱性强弱为毛马齿苋〉佛甲草〉松叶景天。

关 键 词:屋顶绿化  人工气候箱  景天类  马齿苋类  抗旱性  快速评价  生理生化指标

A Preliminary Study on Fast Evaluation Method of Drought Tolerance for Sedums and Portulacas Plants
Institution:LIU Wen-li et al(Zhongshan Institute,University of Electrionic Science and Technology,Zhongshan,Guangdong 528400)
Abstract:Objective]The study aimed to establish the evaluation method for the fast and standardized determination of the drought tolerance for Sedums and Portulacas plants.Method]With Sedum lineare,S.mexicanum and Portulaca pilosa as the tested materials,their leaf structures were compared,the effects of simulated high temperature and drought stress on their morphological characteristics and physiological and biochemical indices by using the aritificial climate chambers were studied and the validity of above indices in fast evaluation for drought tolerance was investigated.Result]The simulated drought stress in aritificial climate chambers could obviously improve the screening efficiency of drought tolerance for 3 plant species and was recommended to be employed as a basis to establish a fast and standardized evaluation method for the drought resistance of Sedums and Portulacas.The leaf anatomical characteristics and morphological variations were closely associated with the water metabolism,which could be used as the basic references for fast evaluation of drought resistance in 3 plant species.The differences of chlorophyll and proline content among 3 plant species reflected their sensitivity to drought stress,which could taken as the reference indexes for fast evaluation of drought tolerance.The SOD and POD activities were not accordant with the drought resistance of 3 plant species,so they were not suitable to be used as the indices for the evaluation of drought tolerance.Conclusion]According the data on leaf anatomy and morphological variations,combined with results of rewatering experiments,it was showed that the drought tolerance of 3 plant species was decreased in following order: P.pilosa>S.lineare>S.mexicanum.
Keywords:Green roofs  Aritificial climate chamber  Sedums  Portulacases  Drought Tolerance  Fast evaluation  Physiological and biochemical indices
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