密度与肥料配比对小麦宁春52号产量及其构成因子的影响

目的]为小麦种植筛选适宜的种植密度和肥料配比。方法]设置3种种植密度与5个肥料配比施用水平,研究种植密度和肥料配比对小麦宁春52号的影响。结果]分蘖期与拔节期,相对较高的播种密度A3(540万株/hm~2)叶面积系数最高,而在挑旗期,相对较低的播种密度A1(450万株/hm~2)叶面积系数整体较高,在各生育期相对较高的施肥水平(施尿素225 kg/hm~2、磷酸二铵255 kg/hm~2,钾肥135 kg/hm~2)叶面积系数整体较高;分蘖成穗率在A2(495万株/hm~2)下整体最高,在B3施肥水平(施尿素150 kg/hm~2、磷酸二铵300 kg/hm~2,钾肥135 kg/hm~2)处理下相对最高;较高播种密度A3(540万株/hm~2)、较低的施肥水平B1(施尿素150 kg/hm~2、磷酸二铵255 kg/hm~2,钾肥0 kg/hm~2)既适合该品种的高产要求,也符合高肥力土壤的低施肥需要。结论]该研究可为小麦的播种与施肥提供指导。

Effects of Density and Fertilizer Ratio on Yield and Its Component Factors of Wheat Ningchun 52

Objective]The aim is to screen situable density and fertilizer ratio for wheat planting.Method]three kinds of planting density and five kinds of fertilizer ratio were set, effects of density and fertilizer ratio on wheat Ningchun 52 was studied. Result] Leaf area index of the higher planting density (540 ×104 plants per hectare) was the highest between jointing stage and tillering stage , but in flagging stage, the highest leaf index was in the lower planting density (450 ×104 plants per hectare) and a higher fertilizer ratio(B4:N225 kg/hm2,P2O5225 kg/hm2,K2O 135 kg/hm2) can produce a higher leaf area index in every growth stage;The highest tiller formation rate was occurred in A2(495 ×104 plants per hectare) or B3(N 150 kg/hm2,P2O5300 kg/hm2, K2O 135 kg/hm2) ;A higher plangting density A3(540 ×104 plants per hectare) and a lower fertilizer ratio B1(N 150 kg/hm2,P2O5255 kg/hm2, K2O 0 kg/hm2) would be suitable for a higher yield demand for the wheat and a lower fertilization for high fertility soild.Conclusion]The research can provide guide for sowing and fertilizing of wheat.