羊肚菌种质资源及人工栽培研究进展

羊肚菌为珍稀食用菌品种,商品羊肚菌主要来源于人工栽培。介绍了羊肚菌人工栽培的菌种种质资源情况及国内外羊肚菌室内外栽培技术,认为在菌种种质资源方面,多以当地野生菌种为母体,经分离驯化作为待选种质资源。在人工栽培方面,室外栽培技术水平已有较大提升,在地势开阔地区可实现大田栽培的迁移应用,但仍受季节限制;室内栽培虽可打破季节限制,快速满足市场需求,但其可迁移性小,投资过大。通过对近年来有关羊肚菌种质资源及人工栽培研究进行综述,以期为羊肚菌人工栽培以及菌种选育技术的深入研究提供参考。

Advances in Germplasm Resources and Artificial Cultivation of Morchella

Morchella is a kind of rare edible fungus varieties, commercial products are mainly from artificial cultivation. Researches about germplasm resources and cultivation technology at home and abroad were introduced, wild-type strains can be candidates after domestication. In artificial cultivation, outdoor cultivation technology with greatly improved, the migration application in open terrain area can be realized by field cultivation, but it is still limited by season. Although indoor cultivation can break the season limit and quickly meet the market demand, but its mobility is small and investment is too large. Relevant resources and artificial cultivation of Morchella seed were reviewed in recent years, in order to provide a reference for further research on the artificial cultivation of Morchella and breeding technology.