吉林省普通玉米品种品质现状分析

目的]分析吉林省普通玉米品种主要营养品质的变化趋势。方法]对1995~2006年吉林省育成的普通玉米品种的品质指标(脂肪含量、蛋白质含量及淀粉含量)进行分析。结果]普通玉米的粗蛋白含量为8.06%~13.97%,平均10.37%;粗脂肪含量2.85%~9.70%,平均4.56%;粗淀粉含量62.59%~76.80%,平均71.15%。就年际间变化而言,粗蛋白含量变异较大,但整体呈比较平稳趋势;脂肪含量整体呈下降趋势且变异较大;粗淀粉含量整体比较稳定且呈上升趋势。就省内不同地区而言,粗蛋白含量除通化和白山地区较低外(9.99%),其他地区基本相当,变辐为10.13%~10.48%;延边地区粗脂肪含量较高,为5.42%;通化和白山地区的玉米品种粗淀粉含量较高,为72.01%。结论]吉林省普通玉米品种品质指标偏低,不同品种间变异比较大,品质改良潜力很大。

Analysis on Quality Status of Common Maize Varieties in Jilin Province

Objective] The study aimed to analyze the change trend of main nutritional quality in common maize varieties in Jilin Province.Method] Quality indexes including crude protein,crude fat and crude starch of common maize varieties bred in Jilin Province from 1995 to 2006 were analyzed.Result] The crude protein content in common maize varieties was in 8.06%-13.97% with the average content of 4.56%;the crude fat content was in 2.85%-9.70% with the average content of 4.56%;the crude starch content was in 62.59%-76.80% with the average content of 71.15%.As for the annual change trends of the quality indexes,the crude protein content varied greatly,but was relatively stable on the whole;the fat content trended to decrease on the whole and had great variance;the crude starch content was relatively stable on the whole and trended to rise.As for the quality indexes in different region,the crude protein contents in most of maize varieties were equivalent(10.13%-10.48%) except for the regions of Tonghua and Baishan(9.99%);the crude fat content in maize varieties from Yanbian region was relatively higher(5.42%);the crude starch content of maize varieties from Tonghua and Baishan regions was relatively higher(72.01%).Conclusion] Quality indexes of common maize varieties in Jilin Province was lower and a great variance existed among different varieties,so there is a great potential in quality improvement.