合肥市灰霾时间特征分析及其对农业生产的影响

利用2016年4月—2017年3月安徽省合肥市能见度、相对湿度等气象资料和PM_(2.5)浓度等环境资料,采用二维散点图和线性分析方法,分析了合肥市灰霾天气的时间分布特征及其对农业的影响。结果表明,7月是一年中灰霾小时频率最少的月份,为0.5%,之后逐渐上升至最高点12月的38.0%;月平均小时频率为14.4%。灰霾小时频率的日分布与能见度呈相反趋势,在15:00出现频率最低,为5.2%,05:00频率最高,为27.9%。灰霾日频率和小时频率全年变化趋势基本一致,最高和最低值均出现在12和7月,为61.3%和0,全年月均灰霾日8 d。能见度和灰霾的时间分布特征与PM_(2.5)浓度密切相关,能见度与PM_(2.5)浓度呈负相关,灰霾频率则与PM_(2.5)浓度呈正相关。灰霾天气对农业生产产生不利影响。

Analysis on the Time Characteristics of Haze in Hefei City and Its Effect on Agricultural Production

Using the meteorological data of visibility, relative humidity etc.and environmental data of PM2.5concentration etc.from February 2016 to March 2017 in Hefei City of Anhui Province,the time-distribution characteristics of haze weather and its effect on agriculture in Hefei City were analyzed by two-dimensional scatter plot and linear analysis method.The results showed that July was the lowest frequency of haze hours per month at 0.5% in a year and December was the highest at 38.0%,the annual average was 14.4%.The daily distribution of haze hour frequency was opposite to that of visibility,the lowest frequency of 5.2% occurred at 15:00, and the highest frequency of 27.9% occurred at 05:00.The frequency of haze days were basically the same with the haze hours throughout the year.The maximum value appeared in December at 61.3%and the minimum value in July at 0,the average haze day of the year was 8 days.The time-distribution characteristics of visibility and haze were closely related to the concentration of PM2.5,the visibility was negatively correlated with the concentration of PM2.5, and the frequency of haze was positively correlated with the concentration of PM2.5.Haze weather had adverse effects on agricultural production.