光照强度和氮素配比对葡萄试管苗生长及生理特性的影响

目的]为葡萄试管苗培养过程中的光照和氮素管理提供理论依据。方法]以红地球葡萄试管苗为试材,研究了不同光照强度和NH4＋-N、NO3–-N不同配比对葡萄试管苗的生长发育和生理特性的影响。结果]随氮源中NH4＋-N所占比例增加,葡萄试管苗叶绿素含量也相应增加。在光强为5 000 lx、NH4＋-N∶NO3–-N为5∶5条件下生长的葡萄试管苗,叶绿素含量最高。在相同氮源条件下生长的试管苗,可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白质含量随光照强度的增加而升高。当光照为5 000 lx、NH4＋-N∶NO3–-N为0.8∶9.2（改良B5培养基配方氮素比例）时,葡萄试管苗可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白质含量最高。结论]在光照为5 000 lx、NH4＋-N∶NO3–-N为0.8∶9.2条件下有利于葡萄试管苗可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白质的积累。

Interactive Effect of the Light Intensity and N-fertilization on the Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Grape Plantlets in Vitro

Objective] The theoretic basis of the management of the grape plantlet in vitro in light intensity and N-fertilization was provided.Method] The effect of the different light intensities and N-fertilizations(NH4+-N and NO3–-N) on the growth/development and the physiological characteristic of plantlet in vitro grape variety Red Globe was researched.Results] The results showed that the content of chlorophyll in the plantlet was increased with the increment of the ratio of NH4+-N in N-fertilization.The highest content of chlorophyll in the plantlet was reached under the condition of the light intensity of 5 000 lx and the ratio of NH4+-N to NO3–-N of 5∶ 5.Under the same condition of N-fertilization the content of soluble sugar and protein was improved with the increment of light intensity.When the light intensity was 5 000 lx and the ratio of NH4+-N to NO3–-N was 0.8∶ 9.2(based on the improved medium B5),the content of soluble sugar and protein was the highest in all treatments.Conclusion] The following condition: the light intensity of 5 000 lx and the ratio of NH4+-N to NO3–-N of 0.8∶ 9.2,was beneficial to the accumulation of the content of soluble sugar and protein.