野生毛葡萄籽中原花青素提取工艺研究

目的]为开发纯天然抗氧化剂提供科学依据。方法]以野生毛葡萄籽为原料,通过单因素试验和正交试验研究提取溶剂种类和浓度、料液比、提取温度、提取时间、提取次数等因素对原花青素提取率的影响。结果]采用热回流方法提取,以乙醇为提取溶剂,野生毛葡萄籽中原花青素含量比普通葡萄籽高。野生毛葡萄籽中原花青素的最佳提取工艺条件为:以60%乙醇为提取溶剂,料液比1∶12,提取温度为60℃,提取时间2.0h,提取3次。各因素对原花青素提取率的影响依次为乙醇浓度>提取温度>提取时间>料液比。结论]在最佳提取条件下,野生毛葡萄籽中原花青素的提取率为5.75%。

Study on the Extraction Technology of Proanthocyandins from the Seeds of Wild Vitis quinquangularis

Objective] The research aimed to provide scientific basis for developing pure natural antioxidants. Method] With the seeds of wild Vitis quinquangularis as raw materials, the factors such as the kinds and concentrations of extraction solvents, the material-liquid ratio, extraction temperature,extraction time and extraction times on the extraction rate of proanthocyandins were studied through single factor test and orthogonal test. Result] Extracting with ethanol as extraction solvent by using thermal reflux method, the content of proanthocyandins in the seeds of wild V. quinquangularis was higher than that in common grape seeds. The optimum conditions for extracting proanthocyandins from the seeds of wild V. quinquangularis were as follows: Extracting with 60 % ethanol as extraction solvent and the matrial-liquid ratio of 1∶12, at 60 ℃for 20 min and 3 times .The effects of each factor on the extraction rate of proanthocyandins in order was as follows: Ethanol concentration > extraction temperature > extraction time > the material-liquid ratio. Conclusion] Under the optimum extraction conditions,the extraction rate of proanthocyandins in the seeds of wild V. quinquangularis was 5.75 %.