叠加马尔科夫链在年降水量预测中的应用

目的]采用叠加马尔科夫链方法预测年降水量。方法]利用位于川西高原的小金站1961～2010年年降水量资料,运用叠加马尔科夫链方法预测2001～2010年小金站的年降水量,并与该站实际观测值进行对比。结果]2001～2010年小金站降水量的预测误差控制在10%以内的年份有7年,其中在5%以内的年份有4年,说明叠加马尔科夫链方法能较好地预测年降水量。但对于大旱或大涝年份降水量的预测,该方法仍存在着一定的缺陷,有待进一步改进。结论]叠加马尔科夫链预测方法物理概念清晰,计算简便,为降水量预测精度的提高提供了一条值得探索的途径。

The Application of Superimposed Marcov Chain for Prediction of Annual Precipitation

Objective] The aim was to predict the annual precipitation using the method of Superimposed Marcov Chain.Method] Based on annual precipitation in Xiaojin station on western Sichuan Plateau during 1961-2010,the Superimposed Marcov Chain method was applied to predict annual precipitation from 2001 to 2010.The prediction based on the Superimposed Marcov Chain method was compared with the observed data.Result] For the ten years(2001-2010),the relative error in 7 years was less than 10%,even less than 5% in 4 years,which proved that Superimposed Marcov Chain can predict annual precipitation.But this method had certain defect in prediction in the extreme dry or extreme wet years,and that needs to be improved in the following study.Conclusion] The Superimposed Marcov Chain method had clear concept,was convenient to calculate,and prorided a worthy way to improve the precipitation prediction.