溶剂法提取葡萄籽油的工艺研究

目的]为葡萄籽油的生产、开发与利用提供试验依据。方法]采用溶剂法提取葡萄籽油,单因素试验考察提取时间、料液比、提取温度对葡萄籽油提取率的影响,正交试验确定葡萄籽油的最佳提取工艺。结果]石油醚作溶剂时,葡萄籽油提取率最高。随着提取时间的增加,提取率增加,超过3 h后提取率的增加趋势不明显。料液比为1∶8(g/ml)时,提取率达到最大值。随着提取温度的升高,葡萄籽油提取率增大,50~60℃时增幅较大。各因素对葡萄籽油提取率的影响主次顺序依次为:提取时间>提取温度>料液比。结论]石油醚作溶剂时,葡萄籽油的最佳提取工艺为:提取时间5 h,料液比1∶8(g/ml),提取温度70℃,该条件下,葡萄籽油提取率为14.85%。

Study on the Extraction Technology of Grape Seed Oil by Solvent Method

Objective] The research aimed to provide the experimental basis for the production,development and utilization of grape seed oil.Method] Grape seed oil was extracted by using solvent method.The effects of extraction time,material-liquid ratio,extraction temperature on the extraction ratio of grape seed oil were studied through single factor test.The optimum extraction technology of grape seed oil was confirmed through orthogonal test.Result] When petroleum ether was taken as petroleum ether,the extraction ratio of grape seed oil was highest.The extraction ratio was increased with the increasing of extraction time.The increasing trend of the extraction ratio was not obvious after 3 h.When the material-liquid ratio was 1∶8,the extraction ratio reached the maximum. The extraction ratio of grape seed oil was increase gradually long with the rising of extraction temperature and the increasing amplitude was greater at 50-60 ℃.The effects of each factor on the extraction ratio of grape seed oil in order was as follows: extraction time>extraction temperature>material-liquid ratio.Conclusion] When petroleum ether was taken as petroleum ether,the optimum extraction technology of grape seed oil was as follows: extracting with the material-liquid ratio of 1∶8 at 70 ℃ for 5 h.Under these conditions,the extraction ratio of grape seed oil was 14.85%.