冬菇菌种分离与培养特性研究

目的]研究一株野生高产冬菇菌种的培养特性。方法]以新鲜野生冬菇子实体为材料,采用组织分离法获得冬菇菌种,研究其培养特性。结果]冬菇在加富PDA培养基上菌丝生长良好,菌丝白色、呈细棉绒状或绒毡状,稍有爬壁现象。在显微镜下,菌丝粗细均匀,有锁状联合。菌丝在pH值5.5~7.5范围内均能生长,pH值6.0时生长最快,长势最好。菌丝在21~29℃范围内均能生长,25℃时生长最快。冬菇菌丝在棉籽壳、木屑培养基中的满袋时间分别为40、44 d,冬菇产量分别为1.47、1.15 kg,生物学效率分别为49.06%、38.33%。结论]冬菇菌丝生长的最适pH值为6.0,最适温度为25℃,人工栽培的最适培养基是棉籽壳培养基。

Study on Isoiation and Cultivation Characteristics of Strain from Flammulina velutipes

Objective] The aim was to study the cultivation characteristics of a wild strain of Flammulina velutipes with high yield.Method] With the fresh fruit body of wild F.velutipes as tested material,F.velutipes strain was obtained through tissue isolation and its cultivation characteristics were investigated.Result] The mycelia of F.velutipes could grow well in enrichment PDA medium,and it was white,small velveteen-like,and had the phenomenon of climbing wall.Under microscope,the mycelia were uniform thickness and had clamp connection.The mycelia could grow from pH 5.5 to 7.5,and it grew most rapidly and its growth vigor was best at pH 6.0.It could also grow from 21 to 29 ℃ and grow fastest at 25 ℃.The time of the bag filled with mycelia of F.velutipes was 40 and 44 d resp.,their yield were 1.47 and 1.15 kg resp.,and the biological efficiency was 49.06% and 38.33% resp.Conclusion] The optimal pH value and temperature for the growth of mycelia was 25 ℃ and 6.0 resp.and the optimum culture medium for artificial cultivation was cottonseed hull medium.