灵宝苹果优质产区土壤元素含量特征研究

目的]研究查清灵宝苹果优质产区土壤元素含量特征,为当地的果业开发提供科学依据。方法]系统采集优质苹果产区表层、深层土壤样品,分析样品中营养元素和部分微量元素的全量和有效态含量。结果]查清P、Pb、CaO、Zn、Fe2O3、MgO、Mn、Na2O、K2O等含量及分布,并且查出铵态N、速效P、速效K、有效B、有效Zn、有效Fe、有效Mn、有效Cu、有效Mo等元素有效态在垂向上和空间分布特点。结论]测区主要营养元素K2O偏高,Mo、CaO等有益元素总体偏高,而主要有毒、有害元素在深层土壤呈现富集趋势应引起重视。另外,灵宝苹果种植区表层土壤有效养分速效K富足,有效P适度,而速效N缺乏;有益微量元素是有效Cu、Zn适度,其他Mn、Fe、Mo、B等多处于缺乏或很缺乏状态。同时,苹果种植区表层土壤中大部分元素全量与有效态含量存在着明显的正相关性。

Study on Quality Characteristics of Soil Element Content in Lingbao Apple Producing Areas

Objective] To study soil elements content in Lingbao apple high quality producing area,and provide scientific reference for local fruit industry development.Method] Systematically collecting soil samples from surface and deep earth,nutrient elements,total amount of microelements and effective state content in samples were analyzed.Result] The content and distribution of P,Pb,CaO,Zn,Fe2O3,MgO,Mn,Na2O,K2O were investigated,the distribution features of ammonium N,available P,available K,effective B,effective Zn,effective Fe,effective Mn,effective Cu,effective Mo at vertical and spatial were identified.Conclusion] It was found that main nutrient element K2O is relatively higher,Mo,CaO and other useful elements is higher in total,and the main poisonous and harmful elements in the deep soil indicated enrichment trend.Available K is abundant,available P is moderate,available N is deficiency in surface soil of Lingbao apple producing area;Effective Cu,Zn are moderate,and effective Mn,Fe,Mo,B are in deficiency state.Total amounts of most of the elements and effective state content have obvious positive correlation.