基于GIS和RUSLE的锦州市水土流失定量空间特征分析

以RS和GIS技术为支撑,利用修正的土壤流失方程(RUSLE)定量评估锦州市2010年水土流失量和土壤侵蚀强度,并且对锦州市水土流失空间分布特征进行分析。结果表明,锦州市2010年土壤侵蚀面积为7 284.87 km2,占锦州市总面积的70.72%,平均土壤侵蚀模数为18.27 t/(hm2·年),属于轻度侵蚀;15°~25°和6°~15°2个坡度带是研究区土壤侵蚀的主要发生区域。锦州市土壤侵蚀主要发生在农村居民点和旱地2种土地类型,两者的侵蚀量占锦州市2010年总侵蚀量的60.97%。未来应加大对这2种土地类型的治理力度,将其列为水土保持重点治理对象。以上研究分析可以为政府制定水土保持的相关政策提供科学依据。

Ration Spatial Distribution of Soil Loss Based on GIS and RUSLE in Jinzhou City

Supported by GIS technology and RUSLE model, the study quantitatively evaluated the volume of soil loss and the soil loss intensity in Jinzhou City in 2010, and made a characteristic analysis of the spatial distribution of soil loss in this city. The results show that the soil erosion area of Jinzhou City in 2010 was 7 284.87 km2 , accounting for 70.72% of the total area of Jinzhou City. ,The average soil erosion modulus was 18.27 t/（hm2 a） ,belonging to mild erosion. The slope belts of 15° -25~ and 6° - 15° are the main soil erosion area of Jinzhou City. Soil ero- sion in Jinzhou City is mainly concentrated on the country residence and the dry land, and the soil erosion area of these two land types in Jinzhou City accounted for 60.97% of the total soil erosion area in 2010, which is suggested to be listed into focus on soil and water conservation. The a- bove research is expected to provide scientific foundation for the governments to make policies about soil loss.