21种植物提取物对番茄早疫病菌等3种病原菌抑菌活性的初步研究

目的]为进一步开发植物源杀菌剂提供理论参考。方法]采用菌丝生长速率法测定并分析油茶籽等21种植物甲醇提取物对番茄早疫病菌、番茄芽枝病菌、甘蔗凤梨病菌的抑菌活性。结果]结果表明,浓度为10mg干粉/mL溶剂时,对番茄早疫病菌抑菌活性较强的有油茶、水茄等的提取物,抑菌率分别为76.67%、78.08%;对番茄芽枝病菌抑菌活性较强的有香茅、深山含笑等的提取物,抑菌率分别为100%、69.20%;对甘蔗凤梨病菌抑菌活性较强的有油茶、甘草等的提取物,抑菌率分别为100%、74.02%。结论]油茶和甘草的甲醇浸提物对供试的3种病原菌具有较强的抑菌活性。

Primary Study on the Antibacterial Activity of the Extracts 21 Species Plants on 3 Species Fungi

Objective] The aim of this paper was to provide the theoretic references for further exploition plant fungicides.Method] Mycelial growth rate method was adopted to determine and analyse antibacterial activity of methanol extracts from 21 species plants against 3 species fungi which contained Alternaria solani,Cladosporium fulvum and Ceratocystis paradoxa.Result] The results indicated that the inhibition rates of extracts of Camellia sinensis and Solanum torvum against Alternaria solani was 76.67% and 78.08% when the concentration was 10 mg/ml,while,the inhibition rates of extracts of Cymbopogon citrates and Michelia maudiae against Cladosporium fulvum was 100 % and 69.20%.The inhibition rates of extracts of Camellia oleifera and Glycyrrhiza uralensis against Ceratocystis paradoxa was 100% and 74.02% at the same concentration.Conclusion] The antibacterial activity of methanol extracts from Camellia sinensis and Glycyrrhiza uralensis against 3 species fungi of fruit or vegetable were superior to other methanol extracts.