有效微生物与调理剂在奶牛粪堆肥中的保氮与除臭效应

目的]探索一套经济有效的奶牛粪堆肥除臭和保氮措施。方法]采用正交设计设9个处理,在常温培养条件下研究了有效微生物EM和2种调理剂稻草、蚯蚓粪在奶牛粪堆肥中的保氮和除臭效应。结果]试验设计的9个处理均有良好效果。在试验的第5d进行的第1次检测中,各试验处理比CK组降低了1～2个臭味等级,NH3去除率达21.09%～78.04%,H2S去除率达23.00%～73.39%;到第20d,大部分处理中检测不到H2S的释放量;到第25d试验结束时,所有处理均检测不到NH3的释放量。统计分析表明,奶牛粪堆肥中保氮除臭效果的最佳组合为:添加3%EM、30%稻草和7%蚯蚓粪。EM、稻草和蚯蚓粪在降低奶牛粪NH3和H2S释放量的效果上均随着添加量的增加而增加。结论]EM、稻草和蚯蚓粪均对奶牛粪具有良好的除臭和保氮效应。

Experimental Research on Nitrogen Preserving and Deodorizing Effects of Effective Microorganism and Conditioners in Cow Manure Compost

Objective] The research aimed to explore a set of economic-effective measure for nitrogen preserving and deodorizing in cow manure compost. Method] In the orthogonal experiment, 9 treatments were set up to study the nitrogen preserving and deodorizing effect of effective microorganism (EM) and two conditioners of rice-straw and wormcast in cow manure compost under culture condition with normal temperature. Result] 9 treatments designed in the experiment all had good effects. In the first detection carried out on the 5th day of the experiment, every treatment decreased 1～2 odor grade of cow manure, the removal rate of NH3 was in 21.09 % ～78.04 %, and that of H2S was in 23.00 %～73.39 %. On the 20th day, the release amount of H2S of most treatments could not be detected; on the 25th day when the experiment was ended, the release amount of NH3 of all the treatments could not be detected. Statistics analysis showed that the optimum combination of the nitrogen preserving and deodorizing effect in cow manure compost was adding 3 % EM, 30 % rice straw and 7 % wormcast. The effect EM, rice straw or wormcast on reducing release amount of NH3 and H2S in cow manure would increase with the increment of their addition proportion. Conclusion] EM, rice straw and wormcast all have good effect of nitrogen preserving and deodorizing in cow manure.