不同海拔梯度下黄山松与马尾松针叶形态·光合生理特性的研究

目的]通过对光合生理指标和形态学指标的对比,探讨黄山松和马尾松对不同海拔的适应性。方法]选取黄山风景区365、882m 2个海拔的马尾松群落和882、1 575 2个海拔的黄山松群落为研究对象,分别测定其针叶长、叶面积、单根叶重以及比叶面积等形态指标和光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度等光合生理指标。用Duncan多重比较方法,检验了种内和种间差异。物种的参数测定使用LI-6400便携式光合测定仪等工具,数据整理和分析使用Spss18.0和Excel等软件。结果]同一物种在不同海拔各形态指数差异性在0.05水平显著;同一海拔的不同物种形态指数差异性不显著(P0.05);光合生理参数在种内和种间差异性均不显著(P0.05)。结论]在长期的进化过程中,黄山松和马尾松通过表现型的改变维持了其生理生态的稳定性,很好地适应了当地高山严酷的环境,即二者均对山地具有较强的适应能力。

A Study in Photosynthetic Physiological and Morphologic Parameters of Needles of Pinus taiwanensis and Pinus massoniana in Different Elevation along Altitudinal Gradients

Objective] To explore the adaptability of Pinus taiwanensis and Pinus massoniana to different altitudes,the photosynthetic and morphological parameters were compared between species and altitudinal gradients.Method] Morphologic parameters including length,area and weight of needle,SLA,and photosynthetic physiological parameter including needle gross photosynthesis rate,transpiration rate,stomatal conductance,intercellular CO2 concentration were measured by LI-6400 portable photosynthetic testing set.Duncan multiple comparison of significance by the software SPSS 18.0 and Excel was taken between and within species to examine the differences.Result] Morphologic parameters showed significantly difference within species across altitudinal gradients but no difference between species.However,photosynthetic physiological parameters showed no difference either within or between species.Conclusion] By the diversification of phenotype in prolonged evolution process,Pinus taiwanensis and Pinus massoniana maintained the stability of the physiological and morphologic parameters.As a result,they are able to endure the stress from the mountain fields.Thus,they have strong abilities to adapt the mountain habitat.