叶面肥和表面活性剂对辣椒表皮百菌清的光化学降解的影响

目的]探究叶面肥和表面活性剂对辣椒表皮百菌清的光化学降解的影响。方法]以高压汞灯为光源,在辣椒表面定量添加百菌清,研究叶面肥(叶面微肥和叶面氮肥)和3种不同类型的表面活性剂(十二烷基苯磺酸钠、吐温-80和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵)对百菌清在辣椒表皮光化学降解的影响。结果]在高压汞灯下,按推荐剂量添加的叶面微肥和叶面氮肥对百菌清的光化学降解都有强烈的光猝灭作用,光猝灭率分别为89.5%和174.6%。添加十二烷基苯磺酸钠和吐温-80对百菌清的光化学降解均具有光敏作用,光解半衰期T1/2分别为2.23和4.30 h;添加十六烷基三甲基溴化铵对百菌清的光化学降解具有光猝灭作用,光解半衰期T1/2为7.10 h。结论]为实际农业生产选择肥料农药及研究百菌清在环境中转化及归趋提供了理论依据。

Effects of Foliar-fertilizer and Surfactant on Photochemical Degradation of Chlorothalonil in the Epidermis of Pepper

Objective] The aim was to study effects of foliar-fertilizer and surfactant on photochemical degradation of chlorothalonil in the epidermis of pepper.Method] Through the epidermis of pepper was added with chlorothalonil under high pressure mercury lamp,the effects of foliar-fertilizer(foliar trace fertilizer and foliar nitrogen) and three kinds of surfactants sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate(SDBS),Tween-80 and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide(CTAB)] on photochemical degradation of chlorothalonil in the epidermis of pepper.Result] Under high pressure mercury lamp,foliar trace fertilizer and foliar nitrogen showed intensive photoquench effects on the photolysis of chlorothalonil,with photoquench efficiency of 89.5% and 174.6%.SDBS and Tween-80 enhanced the photodegradation of chlorothalonil,with the photodegradation half-lives of 2.23 h and 4.30 h,while CTAB showed photoquench effect on the photolysis of chlorothalonil,with the photodegradation half-live of 7.10 h.Conclusion] The research result provides theoretical basis for choosing fertilizer and pesticides in agricultural production and study on transformation and trend of chlorothalonil in environment.