河南省近50年气候变化特征

利用河南省13个观测站点1961～2010年逐日气象观测资料,研究了近50年河南省气候的变化趋势和变化周期。结果表明,近50年来河南省气温表现为增加趋势;年平均气温和年最低气温表现为中部和西部升幅较小,中北部较大;年最高气温以西部升温幅度最大,中部最小。降雨量总体呈增加趋势,中部、东部降雨量呈增加趋势,北部、豫西、豫南降雨量呈减少趋势;年日照时数总体呈减少趋势,东部减少最多,西部减少最少;相对湿度总体呈减少趋势,南部中北部减少较多,中部、东部、最北和最西部地区相对湿度呈增加趋势。气候变化显著周期分别为平均气温3～5年,降雨量5～6年。

Temporal Variation Characteristics of Climate Change in Henan Province in Recent 50 years

Temporal variation of temperature,precipitation,relative humidity,and sunshine hours were analyzed by using conventional statistical methods and Morlet wavelet transform,based on the daily meteorological data of 13 meteorological stations in Henan Province from 1961 to 2010.The results showed that the average temperature,the average maximum temperature,and the annual average minimum temperature showed the tendency of increase.The increasing trend of the average temperature and the average minimum temperature in the central and east were lower,while that of the maximum temperature in the west was highest but that of the central was lowest.The annual average precipitation showed increasing trend,but there was a decreasing trend in the north,and the mountainous area of west and north.The average sunshine hours decreased strongly.The annual average relative humidity showed decreased trend,while it had a increased trend in the most north and west,the central,and east areas.The main oscillation period of the average temperature and the annual average precipitation was 3-5a and 5-6a,respectively.