成熟期烟叶质体色素与美拉德反应物含量变化及相关性分析

目的]揭示影响成熟期烟叶色泽变化的质体色素与美拉德反应物含量变化的相关关系。方法]以云烟87为材料,分析了不同部位烟叶成熟过程中质体色素、游离氨基酸、还原糖和烟碱含量的动态变化及质体色素与美拉德反应物变化的相关性。结果]打顶后中部叶21 d内、上部叶50 d内质体色素含量的降幅较大;打顶后还原糖含量先降低,但中部烟叶打顶28 d后、上部烟叶打顶50 d后又升高;打顶后中部烟叶14 d内、上部叶10 d内游离氨基酸总量先降低后平稳。相关分析结果表明,成熟期叶绿素a以及类胡萝卜素与游离氨基酸的含量变化呈显著或极显著负相关,而类胡萝卜素与还原糖的含量变化呈极显著正相关,烟碱含量与叶绿素a、叶绿素b呈极显著负相关。结论]通过建立烟叶颜色变化与质体色素及美拉德反应物的对应关系,可以更为客观并科学地确定不同工业企业所需烟叶原料的采收成熟度。

Content Changing and Correlation Analysis of Plastid Pigment and Maillard Reactant in Tobacco Leaves during Maturity Stage

Objective]In order to reveal the correlation of plastid pigment content which effect color of tobacco leaves during maturity stage with Maillard reactant.Method]Yunyan 87 was used as material to analyse dynamic changes of chloroplast pigment,total free amino acid,reducing sugar and nicotine and their content change correlation.Result]The content of plastid pigment declined greatly after topping 21 days for middle leaves and 50 days for upper leaves.The content of reducing sugar firstly declined then rised after topping 28 days for middle leaves and 50 days for upper leaves.The content of total free amino acid firstly declined after topping 14 days for middle leaves and 10 days for upper leaves,then it came to balance.The results of correlation analysis showed that during maturity stage there was significant or extremely significant negative correlation between the content changing of chlorophyll a,carotenoid and total free amino acid.And there was extremely significant positive correlation between the content changing of carotenoid and reducing sugar.However,there was extremely significant negative correlation between the content changing of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and nicotine.Conclusion]The corresponding relation between leaf color change and plastid pigment,Maillard reactant could be more objective and scientifical to determine the harvesting maturity of different industrial enterprises for raw tobacco.