几种蕨类植物抑菌活性的初步研究

目的]探究几种蕨类植物的抑菌活性,为发现植物源农药提供线索。方法]以小麦纹枯病菌、番茄灰霉病菌2种植物病原真菌为供试菌,对采自江西省吉安市的3种植物提取物的抑菌活性进行测定。结果]乙酸乙酯相萃取物的质量浓度为1 mg/ml时,狗脊蕨的抑制效果最好,对小麦纹枯病菌和番茄灰霉病菌2种菌的抑制率分别为88.8%和100%,海金沙抑菌效果次之,对2种病原菌抑制率分别为73%和76.8%。但这3种供试植物的石油醚相和水相萃取物对2种病原真菌的抑制效果均不强。结论]3种植物萃取物中,乙酸乙酯相萃取物对供试菌种表现出较明显的抑制作用。狗脊蕨和海金沙的提取物作为植物源杀菌剂值得进一步研究。

Primary Study on the Antifungal Activity of Several Ferns

Objective] The study aimed to research into the antifungal activity of several ferns so as to provide clue for finding plant fungicides.Method] With 2 plant pathogenic fungi of Rhizoctonia cerealis and Alternaria solani as tested fungi,the antifungal activities of extracts from 3 plants collected from Ji'an City of Jiangxi Province were determined.Result] When the mass concentration of ethyl acetate extract was 1 mg/ml,the antifungal effect of Woodwardia japonica was best with the antifungal rates on the 2 fungi of R.cerealis and A.solani being 88.8% and 100% resp.The antifungal effect of Lygodium japonicum was secondary with the antifungal rates on the 2 fungi being 73% and 76.8% resp.,that of the petroleum ether and water extracts from these 3 tested plants were not strong.Conclusion] Among 3 kinds of plant extracts,the ethyl acetate extract showed more obvious antifungal effect on the tested fungi.As plant fungicides,the extracts from W.japonica and L.japonicum were worth of more study.