不同基质条件下甜瓜营养期生长动态的研究

目的]解决甜瓜设施栽培中土壤酸化、返盐和土传病害等连作障碍问题。方法]用有机生态无土栽培基质(有机)和无土栽培基质(对照)栽培新疆甜瓜,观察比较其营养期生长特性。结果]有机的甜瓜平均每天生长0.003 7 cm,对照甜瓜平均每天生长0.004 9cm,对照甜瓜比有机甜瓜生长得快。从定植后到4月14日,有机甜瓜的平均株高为17.61 cm,对照甜瓜的为17.77 cm,有机和对照甜瓜的生长趋势基本相同。从4月14日到5月12日有机甜瓜的生长达到最高峰,平均每天生长4.43 cm,从4月14日到5月19日对照甜瓜的生长达到最高峰,平均每天生长2.52 cm。有机甜瓜生长前期叶面积小于对照,中后期叶面积大于对照。结论]该研究对甜瓜的丰产栽培、果实品质的提高及病虫害的生物防治具有重要意义。

Comparison on the Growth Characteristics in Vegetative Period of Melon under Different Substrate Conditions

Objective] The aim was to solve the problems of continuous cropping obstacle such as soil acidification,salinization and soil-borne disease in the installation cultivation of melon.Method] Xinjiang melons were cultivated on organic and ecological soilless substrate(organic) and soilless substrate(CK) to observe and compare their growth characteristics in vegetative period.Result] The melon grew 0.003 7 cm per day averagely on organic and 0.004 9 cm on CK.The melon grew faster on CK than that on organic.From field planting to Apr.14th,the average plant height of melon on organic was 17.61 cm and that on CK was 17.77 cm.The growth trends of melons on organic and CK were basically same.From Apr.14th to May 12th,the melon growing on organic got its highest growth peak,grew 4.43 cm per day averagely;from Apr.14th to May 19th,the melon growing on CK got its highest growth peak,grew 2.52 cm per day averagely.The leaf area of melon on organic was smaller than that on CK in the early growth period and bigger than that on CK in the middle and late growth periods.Conclusion] The research had important meaning for the high-yield cultivation,enhancement of fruit quality and biological control on pest and disease of melon.