拜城绿洲盆地土地利用/土地覆被动态变化研究

选择生态环境较为脆弱的拜城绿洲盆地为研究对象,以2000年ETM+和2016年GF-1影像为数据源,对研究区进行土地利用/覆盖类型分类,分析绿洲盆地近16年土地利用/土地覆被时空动态变化。结果表明:近16年来,研究区耕地、密林地、坑塘、居民点及工矿用地面积都有不同程度的增加;灌木林地、沼泽湿地、水域、轻度盐渍化土地、戈壁砂砾石裸地面积有所减少,沙漠化土地及基岩面积未发生明显的变化。人工渠系和人工水库的修建造成研究区干旱缺水,地下水位下降,天然生态植被减少,绿洲生态环境恶化。因此,合理地控制人口数量、正确的政府政策导向和合理经济发展需求是干旱区绿洲土地可持续发展的关键。

Research on the Land Use / Land Cover Dynamic Evolution of Baicheng Oasis Basin

Choosed the baicheng oasis as a study area,based on the 2000 ETM+ and 2016 GF-1 satellite data,We classified land use/land cover types and analyzed the dynamic change of land use/land cover in recent 16 years.The results showed that:cultivated land,forest land,pits,residential and mining area increased at different degree;shrub,marshes,water,slightly salinization land,the gobi gravel stone bare land area decreased,the desertification of land and the bedrock area did not change obviously.The artificial canal system and the construction of the reservoir caused drought and ground water levels to fall,natural ecological vegetation to reduce,the oasis ecological environment to deteriorated.Therefore,reasonable population control,government policy-oriented and rational economic development needs were very important for sustainable development of arid oasis land.