近36年胶州市气候变化特征分析

利用山东省胶州市气象局1981—2016年气温、降水、日照观测资料,采用数理统计分析方法,分析了近36年来该地区气候变化特征。结果表明,近36年胶州市平均温度大体上呈不断上升的变化趋势,气候倾向率为0.378℃/10 a;一年中,最热月份为7月份,月平均温度是25.7℃,最冷月份是1月,月平均温度为-1.7℃,气温年较差为27.4℃。近36年胶州市降水量整体上呈不断增加的趋势,气候倾向率为19.664 mm/10 a;年内降水的季节变化显著,存在较为显著的干、湿季之分;春季、夏季、秋季、冬季降水量分别占全年降水的15.2%、59.8%、20.0%、5.0%。近36年胶州市日照时数呈不断下降趋势,气候倾向率为-121.130 h/10 a。

Analysis on Climate Change Characteristics of Jiaozhou City in Recent 36 Years

Based on the temperature, precipitation and sunshine observation data from 1981 to 2016, the climate change characteristics of the area in recent 36 years were analyzed by mathematical statistics analysis methods. The results showed that the average temperature of Jiaozhou City was increasing in the recent 36 years, and the climatic tendency was 0. 378 ℃/10 a. The hottest month was July, the average monthly temperature was 25. 7 ℃, the coldest month was January, the average monthly temperature was -1. 7 ℃, the annual range of temperature was 27. 4 ℃. The precipitation in Jiaozhou City in recent 36 years had been increasing continuously, and the climate tendency was 19. 664 mm/10 a. During the year, the seasonal variation of precipitation was significant, and there were significant dry and wet season. The precipitation in spring, summer, autumn and winter accounted for 15. 2％, 59. 8％, 20. 0％ and 5. 0％ of the annual precipitation,respective-ly. The sunshine hours in Jiaozhou City in recent 36 years was mainly declining, and the climate tendency was -121. 130 h/10 a.