腐熟牛粪对土壤理化性状和番茄产量的影响

目的]研究加菌发酵牛粪对番茄生长及土壤理化性状的影响。方法]采用盆栽试验方法,探讨普通牛粪、高温灭菌牛粪和加菌牛粪对土壤养分含量、酶活、微生物量以及番茄产量和含糖量的影响。结果]与普通牛粪相比,加菌牛粪降低了根际土壤真菌数,提高了细菌和放线菌的数量;降低了土壤容重,提高了土壤养分含量、土壤酶活性以及番茄产量和含糖量,其中土壤中碱解氮、全氮、有效钾、有效磷分别显著提高了8.47%、15.66%、6.22%和11.60%,而灭菌牛粪对番茄生长和土壤理化指标的影响与普通牛粪相似。结论]加菌腐熟牛粪具有改土、提质、增产效果,因此作为生物有机肥在农业生产中具有广阔的发展前景。

Effects of Fermented Cattle Manure on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties and Yield of Tomato

Objective] To investigate the effect of fermented cattle manure on tomato growth and soil physical and chemical properties. Method] The effect of ordinary cattle manure, high temperature sterilized cattle manure and bacterial manure on soil nutrient content, enzyme activity, microbial biomass and tomato yield and sugar content was analyzed by pot experiment. Result] Compared with ordinary cattle ma-nure, bacterial manure decreased the amount of fungi, increased the amount of bacteria and actinomycetes in rhizosphere soil, reduced soil bulk density, improved soil nutrient content and soil enzyme activity, as well as tomato yield and sugar content. Soil available nitrogen,total nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium were significantly increased by 8. 47％, 15. 66％, 6. 22％ and 11. 60％, while the influ-ence of sterilized cattle manure on the growth and soil physical and chemical indexes of tomato was similar to that of ordinary cattle manure. Conclusion] As a biological organic fertilizer, bacterial manure has broad prospects for development in agricultural production, because it has the effects of soil improvement, quality upgrading and yield increasing.