草莓花粉生活力对杂交座果率的影响

目的]考察草莓花粉生活力与贮存时间、贮存环境条件的关系及其对杂交座果的影响。方法]以草莓品种丰香、幸香、图得拉、弗吉尼亚、红脸颊为试材,用花粉发芽试验法、碘-碘化钾染色测定法及氯化三苯基四氮唑(TTC)染色测定法测定草莓花粉生活力并进行比较。结果]花粉发芽试验法花粉粒萌发清晰,是最适合测定草莓花粉生活力的方法。草莓花粉生活力随品种不同而不同,随贮存时间的延长而不断下降;影响花粉生活力的因素主要是温度和湿度,具体表现为冷藏(0~2℃)贮存高于常温(25℃)贮存。结论]草莓杂交座果率随花粉生活力的下降而降低,且杂交后畸形果的数量相应增加。

Effect of Pollen Vitality on Fruit-setting Rate of Hybridization in Strawberry

Objective] The relationship between the strawberry pollen vitality,storage time and environmental condition,and its effects on the fruit-setting were studied.Method] The strawberry variety of Toyonaka,Sachinoka,Tudla, Fujeniya and Benihoppe was used as experi mental material.the pollen vitality was measured with the method of pollen germination,iodine-potassium chloride staining and TTC staining and the testing results were compared. Results] The method of pollen germination was the most suitable one for the strawberry pollen vitality test.The strawberry pollen vitality varied among varieties and the strawberry pollen vitality was decreased with the prolonging of the storage time.The main factor affecting strawberry pollen vitality was temperature and humidity and the performance was higher in the refrigerator storage(0-2 ℃) than in normal temperature storage(25 ℃). Conclusion] The fruit-setting rate of strawberry was decreased with the reduction of pollen vitality and also the rate of deformed fruit was raised.