菌种的细菌抑菌剂研究

目的]为了研究采用抑菌剂以抑制菌种中的细菌污染。方法]在PDA斜面培养基上,用抗生素和化学抑菌剂对食用菌与细菌的混合菌液进行抑菌试验。结果]在药剂筛选中,双氧水各浓度无细菌萌发;青霉素钠、乙醇可抑制细菌萌发。在浓度筛选中,双氧水4%(实际2%)、5%(实际2.5%)浓度可完全抑制细菌,5%(实际2.5%)浓度则同时抑制真菌。在适宜菌种试验中,不同的真菌菌种对双氧水的耐受力不同,平菇耐受力较强,蛹虫草的耐受力也较强,而猴头的耐受力较弱。结论]多数抗生素和化学抑菌剂对细菌的抑制能力很弱,而对真菌抑制能力很强,只有双氧水在浓度适宜时能有效抑制细菌而不影响真菌生长;双氧水的有效浓度与菌液浓度有关,菌液浓度越大,双氧水的有效浓度也越大;不同种类食用菌对双氧水的耐受力有差异,平菇耐受力较高,蛹虫草次之,猴头的耐受力较低;使用双氧水抑制细菌污染的食用菌菌种,扩接后菌丝生长情况与对照基本无差异。

Research on Bacteriostatic Agent for Controlling Strain Contamination of Bacteria

Objective] The study aimed to investigate on restraining the contamination of bacteria in edible fungal strain by bacteriostatic agent.Method] The bacteriostatic test was conducted by the antibiotic and chemical bacteriostatic agents against the mixed bacterial liquid of edible fungus and bacteria on the PDA slant medium.Result] In the agent selection,hydrogen peroxide solution with different concentration had no bacteria germination.Penicillin sodium and ethanol could restrain bacteria germination.In the concentration selection,hydrogen peroxide solution at 2 % and 2.5 % could restrain bacteria fully and that at 2.5 % could restrain bacteria and fungi.In the suitable strain test,the different fungi strain had different tolerance to hydrogen peroxide solution.Tolerance of Pleurotus ostreatus was higher and still kept the normal growth when hydrogen peroxide solution was used at 1 %.Tolerance of Cordyceps militaris was also higher and that of Hericium erinaceus was quite low.Conclusion] The inhibiting capacity of majority antibiotics and chemical bacteriostatic agent was weak for bacteria,but strong for epiphyte.The hydrogen peroxide solution at effective concentration could inhibit bacteria without effect on epiphyte.The effective concentration of hydrogen peroxide solution was related to the concentration of bacterial liquid.The more the concentration of bacterial liquid was,the more effective concentration of hydrogen peroxide solution was.Different kinds of edible fungi had diffidence in the tolerance to hydrogen peroxide solution.Tolerance of P.ostreatus was highest,followed by C.militaris and H.erinaceus.The use of hydrogen peroxide solution in restraining the bacteria contamination in edible fungal strain had no difference between hyphae growth and CK after expanding inoculation.