江苏省某奶牛场荷斯坦牛繁殖性能及其与泌乳性能的相关性

通过对江苏省某奶牛场895头中国荷斯坦成年母牛第1～6胎共1 967次的首次配种月龄、受胎情期数、产犊到受胎的时间间隔、妊娠期、产犊间隔、产犊泌乳月龄等繁殖性能进行分析,并分析了繁殖性能与部分泌乳性能的关系。结果表明,胎次极显著影响受胎情期数、产犊到受胎的时间间隔、产犊间隔、泌乳天数和干奶天数(P<0.01),显著影响妊娠期和305 d校正产奶量(P<0.05)。随着胎次的增加,受胎情期数、干奶天数逐渐增加,产犊到受胎的时间间隔和泌乳天数逐渐下降。产犊季节极显著影响受胎情期数、产犊到受胎时间间隔、妊娠期、305 d校正产奶量、泌乳天数(P<0.01),显著影响产犊间隔(P<0.05),对干奶天数的影响未达到显著水平(P>0.05)。春季产犊受胎情期数最高,冬季产犊的奶牛从产犊到受胎的时间间隔和产犊间隔均显著低于其他季节,夏天产犊妊娠期最短。受胎情期数与首次配种月龄、产犊到受胎的时间间隔、产犊泌乳月龄呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),首次配种月龄与产犊到受胎的时间间隔、产犊间隔、泌乳天数呈极显著负相关(P<0.01)。

Investigation on the Reproductive Traits of Chinese Holstein and the Association with the Milking Performances in Jiangsu Province

The data of reproductive traits including 1967 records of the age of first mate, breeding index, the interval from calving to concep- tion, pregnancy period, calving interval, the age of calving from parity 1 to parity 6 of 895 Chinese Holstein from a dairy farm in Jiangsu Prov- ince were analyzed, and the association between the reproductive traits and milking performances were analyzed. The results showed that the effects of parity on breeding index, the interval from calving to conception, calving interval, milking days and dry period were significant at P 〈 0.01, and the effect on 305 days corrected milk yield was significant at P 〈 0.05. With the increasing of parity, the breeding index, dry period were increasing, and the interval from calving to conception and milking days were decreasing. The season of calving have significant effects on breeding index, the interval from calving to conception, pregnancy period, 305 days corrected milk yield and milking days at P 〈 0. 01, and has significant effect on calving interval at P 〈 0.05, and has no significant effects on the length of dry period（ P 〉 0.05 ）. The breeding index was maximum for the cattle calving in spring, the interval from calving to conception and calving interval for the cattle that cal- ving in winter were significantly more than the cattle that calving in spring, summer and autumn. The pregnancy period was shortest for the cattle calving in summer. The breeding index showed significant positive correlation with the age of first mating, the interval from calving to conception, and calving age （P 〈0.01 ）. The age of first mating showed negative correlation with the interval from calving to conception, cal- ving interval and milking days （P 〈0.01 ）.