杜仲叶中总黄酮的提取工艺研究

目的]探讨用超声提取法提取杜仲叶中黄酮类成分的最佳工艺,为杜仲叶的开发利用提供理论依据。方法]以杜仲叶为试材,以乙醇为溶剂,采用超声提取工艺从杜仲叶中提取黄酮类物质成分,通过单因素试验研究乙醇浓度、浸润时间、提取时间、料液比对总黄酮提取率的影响,再采用正交试验法优化提取总黄酮的最佳工艺条件。结果]单因素及正交试验表明,影响黄酮提取率的因素主次顺序为：料液比〉乙醇浓度〉提取时间度〉浸润时间。用超声提取工艺法从杜仲叶中提取黄酮类成分的最佳工艺条件：料液比1∶15、乙醇浓度80%、提取时间30min。在最佳条件下总黄酮的提取率平均为2.42%。结论]超声提取法比常规浸泡法的提取时间明显缩短,且提取率高。

Study on Extractive Technology of Total Flavonoid from Eucommia ulmoides Leaves

Objective] The study aimed to investigate the optimum extraction technology for flavonoid compounds from the leaves of Eucommia ulmoides by using ultrasonic extraction method and provided a theoretical basis for the development and utilization of E. ulmoides leaves. Method] With E. ulmoides leaves as the tested material and the ethanol as the solvent,the ultrasonic extraction process was used to extract the flavonoid constituents from the E. ulmoides leaf. The effects of ethanol concentration,infiltration time,extraction time and solid-liquid ratio on the extraction yield of flavonoids were studied through the single-factor test and the optimum technology conditions of extracting the total flavonoids were optimized by using the orthogonal experiment. Result] Single factor test and orthogonal tests showed that the factors that affected the extraction yield of flavonoid were in the order of solid-liquid ratio >alcohol concentration>extraction time degrees>infiltration time. The optimum technology conditions of extracting the total flavonoids from the leaves of E. ulmoides by using ultrasonic extraction method were as follows: the ethanol concentration of 80%,extraction time of 0.5 h and solid-liquid ratio of 1∶20,under which,the extraction yield of total flavonoid was 2.42% averagely.Conclusion] Compared with conventional soaking method,the ultrasonic extraction method was significantly shorter in extraction time and had high extraction rate.