福建烟区烤烟不同部位品质比较分析

目的]研究福建烟区不同部位烟叶品质间的差异状况,以期提高福建烤烟的工业可用性。方法]以烤烟K326为供试品种,于2006年对福建烤烟主产区三明、龙岩和南平上、中、下3个部位烤烟的主要化学成分、物理特征特性和感官质量等进行了比较分析。结果]3个部位烟叶的单叶重、叶片厚度、密度和单位叶面积重均达到显著性差异;烟叶总氮、总糖和还原糖含量、粗烟碱含量、有机钾指数、施木克值及糖/碱均达到显著性差异;挥发性香气物质总量及香气质、香气量、浓度、刺激性、余味和总分的差异达到显著水平。结论]福建烟区烤烟的主要化学成分含量适中,比例协调,尤其是多酚类物质和乙醚提取物的含量较高,香气物质含量丰富,工业可用性较强。总体评价以中部叶的品质最好。

Comparative Analysis on Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco Leaves in Different Positions in Fujian Tobacco-growing Area

Objective]The purpose was to study the quality difference of flue-cured tobacco leaves in different positions in Fujian tobacco-growing area so as to increase the industry usability of Fujian flue-cured tobacco.Method]With flue-cured tobacco variety K326 as the test material,the main chemical components,physical properties,sensory quality and so on of flue-cured tobacco in 3 positions of upper,middle and lower leaves in Fujian main tobacco-growing areas such as Sanming,Longyan and Nanping in 2006 were compared and analyzed.Result] The single leaf weight,leaf thickness,density and unit leaf weight of 3 positions reached significant difference.The contents of total N,total sugar,reducing sugar and crude nicotine,the index of organic potassium,Schmuck value and the ratio of sugar to nicotine reached significant difference.The total quantity of volatility aroma,aroma quality,aroma quantity,aroma thickness,irritability,aftertaste and total marks also reached significant difference.Conclusion]The main chemical component contents of flue-cured tobacco in Fujian main tobacco-growing areas were moderate with harmonious proportion,specially the contents of polyphenol substance and aether extracts were higher and the aroma matter content was rich,so,Fujian flue-cured tobacco had stronger industry usability.The comparative evaluation showed that the quality of middle leaf was the best.