蜂胶黄酮超声提取工艺的正交优化及不同地域蜂胶黄酮含量的比较

目的]研究超声波对蜂胶黄酮提取率的影响，优化蜂胶黄酮提取工艺，并对不同产地蜂胶原胶中总黄酮的含量进行比较，为进一步研究和开发蜂胶资源提供依据。方法]选取料液比、超声频率、提取时间、乙醇浓度、提取次数5个因素，以蜂胶黄酮的提取率为参数，分别进行单因素试验和正交试验优化，得到黄酮提取最佳参数。最佳提取条件提取并测定不同产地蜂胶中的总黄酮，采用spss18．0单因素方差分析不同产地蜂胶的总黄酮含量。结果]经单因素和正交试验优化，最佳提取工艺是：超声频率59kHz，提取4次，提取时间18min，乙醇浓度为65％，料液比1：28g/ml。在最优提取条件下，对不同产地蜂胶黄酮提取率采用spss18．0系统进行显著性分析，经分析不同产地的蜂胶黄酮含量差异显著（P〈0．05）。结论]蜂胶黄酮提取率经正交优化后得到最佳提取工艺，不同产地的蜂胶黄酮含量差异较大，该研究对进一步研究和开发蜂胶资源有理论指导意义。

Orthogonal Optimization of Ultrasonic-assisted Extraction of Flavonoids in Propolis and Comparison of Flavonoids Content in Propolis Obtained frolh Different Regions

Objective] The parameters of extracting the flavonoids in crude propolis by ultrasonic-assisted extraction were optimized. Then the comparison of the total contents of the flavonoids in propolis coming from different regions was completed in order to make the best of the re- sources of propolis. Method] 5 factors including the ratio of material to liquid, ultrasonic frequency, extraction time, ethanol concentration, extraction times were studied in order to get the highest extraction yield of flavonoids, by single factor experiment and followed orthogonal ex- periment optimization, the total comtents of flavonoids of propolis from different origin were compared by spsslS. 0. Result ] The optimum pa- rameters of extraction process were： 59 kHz ultrasonic frequency, ultrasonic extracting for 4 times, the ultrasonic processing time is 18 rain, the concentration of ethanol 65% , solid-to-liquid ratio of 1：28 g/ml. Then, the total contents of flavonoids of propolis from different regions was compared by spssl8.0 system, the result is the difference of the total flavonoids of propolis from different regions was significant （P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion] The extraction rate of propolis flavonoids extraction was obtained by orthogonal optimization, propolis flavone content difference from different habitats have a creater significance for further research and development of pronolis resources.