超高产玉米与普通玉米叶片生理生化特性变化比较

目的]为实现玉米超高产栽培研究提供理论依据。方法]将2个超高产玉米品种与2个普通玉米的生理生化指标进行比较,研究玉米不同生育时期功能叶片的生理生化特性的变化规律。结果]4个玉米品种SOD、POD和CAT活性的变化趋势基本相同,在吐丝期出现1个峰值之后均下降,2个超高产品种的SOD、POD和CAT活性显著高于2个普通品种,而叶绿素和MDA含量显著低于普通品种。4个品种中,超高产品种先玉335的保护酶活性显著高于其它品种,并且在密度为7.1万株/hm2时获得的产量最高,达13716.3kg/hm2。结论]超高产品种先玉335具有较高的清除活性氧的能力,能延缓衰老,促进干物质的积累,从而达到较高的产量。

Comparative Study on Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics in Natural Aging of Leaves between Super High-yield Corn and Common Corn

Objective] The purpose was to provide the theoretical base for the cultivation research of realizing super high-yield in corns.Method] The physiological and biochemical indexes of 2 super high-yield maize varieties and 2 common maize varieties were compared to study the change trend of physiological and biochemical characteristics in maize function leaves in different growth stage.Result] The SOD,POD and CAT activity in 4 maize varieties had same change trend and they were all decreased after the peak appeared in silking stage.The SOD,POD and CAT activities in 2 super high yielding corns were obviously higher than that in 2 common corns and their contents of chlorophyll and MDA were obviously lower than that in the common corns.Among 4 corn varieties,the activity of protective enzyme in Xianyu 335 was obviously higher than that in other varieties.Meanwhile,when the planting density was 7.1×104 plants/hm2,the yield of Xianyu 335 was highest,reaching 13 716.3kg/hm2.Conclusion] The super high-yield corn variety Xianyu 335 had the higher ability of removing active oxygen,which could delay the senescence,promoted the accumulation of the dry material and obtain high yield.