双峰山国家森林公园人工林群落类型及其特征研究

采用中国分类系统中的分类等级,对双峰山国家森林公园人工林植物群落进行了研究.研究表明:该公园人工林可分2个植被型,4个群系,14个群丛.群落优势种主要为人工种植的马尾松、柳杉、杉木,在柘木+杉木-茶-淡竹叶+紫萁群丛中,自然更新的天然树种柘木与杉木为共优种.自然更新的树种以阳生性树种为主,如化香、茅栗、黄檀等,这些树种常为亚热带阔叶林先锋群落的代表性成分,表明双峰山人工林群落已由针叶林向阔叶林阶段演替;人工林群落景观单调,必须对生长不良的群落进行林分改造以丰富植被景观,对生长良好的群落则加强保护和管理,以充分发挥森林生态旅游功能,促使公园的可持续发展.

Types and Landscape Characteristics of Artificial Plantations in Shuangfeng Mountain National Forest Park

Artificial plantations of Shuangfeng Mountain National Forest Park were studied according to the hierarchical classification such as vegetation type,formation and association of China vegetation classification system.Results showed that the artificial plantations were classified into two vegetation types,four formations and 14 associations.The main dominant species of these artificial plantations were Pinus massoniana,Cryptomeria fortunei,Cunninghamia lanceolata.The natural species such as Xylosma japonicum became codominant species with Pinus massoniana in Xylosma japonicum Cunninghamia lanceolat-Camellia sinensis-Lophatherum gracile Osmunda japonica association.The other natural heliophilic trees were Platycarya strobilacea,Castanea seguinii,Dalbergia hupeana and so on,which were the representative species of subtropical pioneer broadleaf forests.All these above showed that the artificial conifer plantations began to develop towards the broadleaf natural forests in Shuangfeng Mountain forest park.These plantations had simple structure and landscape sight.Some underdeveloped associations where trees were damaged by plant diseases and insect pests should be reconstructed to make more abundant landscape sight by planting more ornamental flowers and trees.Some good-developed plantations should be protected to develop them into the climax.These measures were helpful in exerting ecological sight-seeing function of the forest park and promoting the sustainable development.