大花美人蕉辐射诱变育种研究

目的]通过60Co-γ射线辐射处理,探讨大花美人蕉的诱变规律,为其新品选育提供参考。方法]分别设计5个剂量60Co-γ射线处理大花美人蕉种子和根茎,研究对其当代的辐射效应。结果]大花美人蕉种子发芽率、成苗率、根茎成活率均随着60Co-γ射线辐照剂量的增大而下降,变异率上升,但当剂量超过60Gy时,空变率上升,而且植株辐射受损严重,失去观赏价值。美人蕉根茎辐照处理变异率相对较小,花色、花型没有出现变异,只有花期延迟和株高矮化的变化,且不能遗传。结论]大花美人蕉种子的适宜辐射剂量为40～60Gy,根茎适宜的辐照剂量为10～20Gy。

Study on Irradiative Mutation Breeding of Canna generalis Bailey

Objective] The reference for the new Canna generalis B. variety breeding was provided through the research on its mutation principle in treatment of 60Co-γ ray. Method] Canna generalis B. seed and rhizome were irradiated by 60Co-γ ray with five irradiative dosages and the mutation efficiency was analyzed. Result] The rate of seed germination,the rate of seedling growth and the rate of rhizome survival of Canna generalis B. was decreased and the mutation rate was raised with the increment of irradiative dosage. When the irradiative dosage was over 60 Gy,the mutation rate did not vary and the plant was heavily damaged without ornamental value. There were low frequency of mutation and little variation of color and pattern of flower in the irradiation of 60Co-γ ray to rhizome,and only was some mutations in its flowering period-delaying and plant height shown,which was not with the genetic character. Conclusion] The suitable radiation dosage for Canna generalis B. seed was 40-60 Gy and for rhizome,10-20 Gy.