印度转基因生物发展现状及政策研究

印度作为人口大国,农村人口占绝大多数并且大量处于贫困状态。因此,印度政府非常重视生物技术对农业生产和粮食安全的作用,转基因生物技术的发展及其在农业中的运用对印度农业发展具有重要意义,转基因抗虫棉的推广使印度成为世界棉花生产和出口大国。但印度在转基因作物推广种植中也遇到了不少问题,国内各界对此也存在分歧。基于此,印度对转基因生物的监管参考欧美两大监管体系,并寻找适合本国利益的最佳选择。研究印度转基因生物的发展现状及其监管政策对发展中国家具有借鉴意义。

On the Development Status and Policy of Genetically Modified Organisms in India

India is a populous country with great majority of rural population and has a large number of rural poor population .The Government of India pays much attention to the role of biological technology on agricultural production and food security .The development of transgenic technolo-gy and its application in agriculture is of great significance to the development of agriculture in India .The extension of genetically modified ( GM) cotton makes India become one of the biggest cotton producer and the exporter in the world .But the planting of GM crops in India also encoun-tered many problems,and there are also differences on GM crops from all walks of life in India .Referring to two regulatory systems of genetically modified organisms(GMOs) from Europe and the United States,India’s regulatory system tries to find the best choice for their own interests.The development and regulatory policy of GMOs in India also has the reference significance for developing countries .