除草剂苗期茎叶喷雾防除胡麻田阔叶杂草与大面积应用示范

目的]通过除草剂苗期茎叶喷雾筛选胡麻田阔叶杂草的新型高效除草剂,并明确其大面积应用示范效果。方法]施药器械为卫士牌WS-16PA型背负式手动喷雾器,喷液量为675 L/hm2,在胡麻株高7 cm左右对2甲·辛酰溴、辛酰溴苯腈、溴苯腈等10种除草剂开展苗期茎叶喷雾筛选试验,并对筛选出的新型高效除草剂开展大面积应用示范。结果]40%2甲·辛酰溴EC、30%辛酰溴苯腈EC和80%溴苯腈SP是苗期茎叶喷雾防除胡麻田阔叶杂草的新型高效除草剂,在1 0501 950 m L/hm2、1 0501 950 m L/hm2和450 675 g/hm2(制剂用量)剂量下药后45 d对阔叶杂草的株防效和鲜重防效分别在82.94%100%和85.32%100%。甘肃省胡麻主产区大面积示范结果表明,3种除草剂对胡麻田阔叶杂草均表现出优良防效,株防效、鲜重防效分别在89.4%、92.2%以上,较不施药对照增产11.5%以上。结论]40%2甲·辛酰溴EC、30%辛酰溴苯腈EC和80%溴苯腈SP苗期茎叶喷雾防除胡麻田阔叶杂草大面积示范推广的适宜剂量分别为1 3501 650 m L/hm2、1 3501 650 m L/hm2和525600 g/hm2。

Effects and Large Region Application of Mixing of Herbicides for Controlling Broadleaf Weeds in Flax Field by Spraying on Stems and Leaves of Flax Seedling and Weeds

Objective]New types of high efficiency herbicides were screened according to the control effect on weeds in flax field by spraying herbicides on stems and leaves of flax,and indicated application demonstration effect of large area.Method]Spraying device was WS-16PA type knapsack hand sprayer;spraying volume was 675 L/hm2;screening test on 10 kinds of herbicides including 40％ MCPA-sodium and bromoxynil octanoate EC,30％ bromoxynil octanoate EC and 80％ bromoxynil SP were carried out by spraying herbicides on stems and leaves of flax seedling in plant height of about 7 cm,and the screening out new type of high efficiency herbicides were carried out application demonstration of large area.Result]40％ MCPA-sodium and bromoxynil octanoate EC,30％ bromoxynil octanoate EC and 80％ bromoxynil SP were new types of high efficiency herbicides on controlling broadleaf weeds in flax field by spraying on stems and leaves of flax;the plant and fresh weight control effects were between 82.94％-100％ and 85.32％-100％,respectively,after 45 days treatment at the dosages of 1 050-1 950 mL/hm2,1 050-1 950 mL/hm2 and 450-675 g/hm2(dosage of preparation);demonstration results of large area in the main producing area of Gansu Province showed that 3 kinds of herbicides showed excellent control effects on broadleaf weeds in flax field,the plant and fresh weight control effects reached over 89.4％ and 92.2％,respectively;yidd increasing rate was more than 1 1.5％ compared with CK.Conclusion] The suitable dosages for large-scale demonstration and popularization of 40％ MCPA-sodium and bromoxynil octanoate EC,30％ bromoxynil octanoate EC and 80％ bromoxynil SP on controlling broadleaf weeds in flax field by spraying on stems and leaves of flax were 1 350-1 650 mL/hm2,1 350-1 650 mL/hm2 and 525-600 g/hm2,respectively.