不同施肥条件下农田土壤动物群落组成及多样性变化

目的]研究不同施肥条件下农田土壤动物群落组成及多样性变化。方法]设对照(CK)、施氮(N)、施氮磷钾(NPK)、施氮磷钾+秸秆(SNPK)和施氮磷钾+有机肥(MNPK)5种处理,探讨不同施肥条件下农田土壤动物群落组成及多样性变化。结果]调查发现各类土壤动物4 027头。从土壤动物类群来看,5种施肥处理中,MNPK>SNPK>CK>NPK>N;从土壤动物的数量分布来看,MNPK>SNPK>CK>NPK>N;从多样性指数来看,MNPK>SNPK>NPK>CK>N。各施肥条件下的土壤动物群落表现为中等相似。结论]农田增加有机肥及秸秆还田有利于土壤动物生存和发展,改善土壤结构,增加农作物产量。

Composition and Diversity Changes of Soil Fauna Community in Farmland under Different Fertilization Conditions

Objective] The research aimed to study the composition and diversity changes of soil fauna community in farmland under different fertilization conditions.Method] Five treatments including CK,applying N,applying N,P and K(NPK),applying stalk,N,P and K(SNPK) and applying organic manure, N,P and K(MNPK) were set up to discuss the composition and diversity changes of soil fauna community in farmland under different fertilization conditions.Result] It was found that there were 4 027 heads of all kinds of soil fauna through the investigation.For soil fauna groups,among 5 fertilization treatments, MNPK>SNPK>CK>NPK>N.For the quantity distribution of soil fauna,MNPK>SNPK>CK>NPK>N.For the diversity index,MNPK>SNPK>NPK>CK>N.The performances of soil fauna community were moderately similar under different fertilization conditions.Conclusion] Adding organic manure to farmland and returning straw to field were favorable for the survive and development of soil fauna,the improvement of soil structure and the increase of crop yield.