肥料与保水剂对膏桐幼苗生长与土壤养分的影响

目的]为荒山造林与膏桐栽培的合理技术措施提供理论依据。方法]在膏桐良繁基地内布设肥料试验区和丙烯酰胺类保水剂施用区2个试验区。肥料试验区分别施用钙镁磷肥500g、NP复合肥200g、钙镁磷肥500g＋NP复合肥200g,以不施肥为对照;保水剂试验区分别施用保水剂20、40、60g/株,以未施用保水剂区为对照,研究双江县膏桐良繁基地肥料与保水剂对膏桐幼苗生长与土壤养分的影响。结果]复合肥与钙镁磷肥配合施用具有促进膏桐幼苗良好、稳定生长的作用;40g/株保水剂施用区膏桐幼苗成活率明显提高,且幼苗生长稳定、整齐。施肥导致试验区土壤有机碳降低,少量多次的肥料配合施用对砂质土壤养分补充效果较好;高剂量保水剂施用导致土壤有机碳和养分略减,40g/株的保水剂用量可改善土壤速效养分供给。结论]适量施用保水剂（40g/株）可提高膏桐造林成活率,复合肥与钙镁磷肥配合施用可保障膏桐壮苗生长。

Effect of the Use of Fertilizer and Hydrogel on Jatropha curcas L. Seedling Growth and Soil Nutrient

Objective]The theoretic basis of the reasonable technique of the forestation in the wasteland and Jatropha curcas L.cultivation in mountain was provided through the experiment.Method]The effect of the use of fertilizer and hydrogel on Jatropha curcas L.seedling growth and soil nutrient in the base of Jatropha curcas L.multiplication in Shuangjiang County was studied through the experiment in the fertilization (500 g FCMP,200 g NP compound fertilizer,or 500 g FCMP + 200 g NP compound fertilizer) and hydrogel-using(20,40 or 60 g/plant) and the nothing added as the CK.Results]The measure of FCMP + NP compound fertilizer could stably promote the Jatropha curcas L.seedling growth very well.The appropriate amount of hydrogel(40 g/plant) could improve survival rate of Jatropha curcas L.seedling.When compound fertilizer and calcium magnesium phosphate were combined application,it is beneficial to help strong seeding of Jatropha curcas L..The fertilization led to the decrement of organic carbon in soil and a small number of fertilizer for many times was a better supplement of nutrient for sandy soil.The high-dose application of hydrogel resulted in the slight decrease of organic carbon and nutrient in soil and the amount of 40 g/plant could improve the available nutrient in soil.Conclusion]The suitable amount of hydrogel could increase the survival rate of Jatropha curcas L.and the measure of FCMP + NP compound fertilizer could be beneficial to the development of strong Jatropha curcas L.seedling.