柴达木盆地沙尘天气的气候特征及与气象要素的关系

利用1961～2010年柴达木盆地10个气象站观测资料，采用气候统计学方法，对沙尘天气变化特征及与气象要素的关系进行分析。结果表明，近50年柴达木盆地扬沙、浮尘、沙尘暴日数均呈显著减少的趋势，4月为扬沙、浮尘、沙尘暴出现次数最多的月份；沙尘天气均表现为春季〉夏季〉冬季〉秋季的气候特征；沙尘天气与大风、降水呈正相关，与大风的相关性明显，与降水的相关性不明显；四季气温与沙尘天气呈不显著的负相关。可见大风日数的减少是沙尘天气减少的主要原因，降水增加和气温升高对沙尘天气的发生也起一定抑制作用。

Correlation between Climate Feature and Meteorological Elements of Dust Storm in Qaidam Basin

By using 10 stations meteorological data from 1991 to 2010 in Qaidam Basi, the correlation between climate feature and atmospheric elements of dust storm was analyzed with. climatic statistics method. The results show that the days of blowing dust, floating dust, and sand storm are reduced remarkable in recent 50 years ; the April is the high period of appearance of blowing dust, floating dust, and sand storm ; the occurrence frequency of sand storm is spring 〉 summer 〉 winter 〉 autumn ; positive correlation is existed between the sand storm weather and strong wind an-d precipitation. The former is obvious and the latter is not remarkable; not obvious negative correlation was found between sand storm and temperature. The decrease of windy days is the main reason of decrease of sand storm weather; the increased precipitation and rising temperature play a certain inhibiting effect on dust storm.