湖南冬季气温年代际变化与热岛效应和纬度的关系

采用湖南省89个地面气象观测站43年(1962~2004年)的冬季平均气温记录,研究了湖南省冬季气温年代际变化与城市热岛效应和纬度的关系,结果表明:湖南冬季气温的年代际变化是对全球增暖的响应,1984年是显著的增暖跃变点,跃变后(暖期)比跃变前(冷期)冬季气温增加了0.68℃;暖期升温幅度与城市热岛效应、纬度关系密切,城市热岛效应和纬度的增加使冬季变暖加剧;中等城市、次小城市、次小城市郊区、乡村、次大城市郊区等各类站的城市热岛效应对暖期增温贡献率分别为18%、14%、7%、0、-9%;纬度每增加1°,暖期增温0.027℃。

Study on the Correlation among the Decadal Chases of Winter Temperature and Heat Island Effect and Latitude in Hunan Province

Based on the records of the average temperature in winter for 43 years(1962～2004) from 83 ground meteorological observation stations in Hunan province,the correlations among the decadal changes of winter emperature and urban heat island effect and latitude in Hunan province were studied.The results showed that the the decadal changes of winter temperature in Hunan province was the response to the global warming.The year 1984 was a significant jumping point and the winter temperature after jumping(in the warm stage) increased 0.68 ℃ than that before jumping(after jumping).The increasing extent of temperature in the warm stage was closely related with urban heat island effect and latitude.The increasae of urban heat island effect and latitude picked up the warming in winter.The contribution rate of urban heat island effect in the stations of middle city,sub-small city,sub-small city suburb,country,sub-large city suburb to the temperature increase in the warm stage were 18%,14%,7%,0 and-9% resp.When the latitude increased 1°,the temperature in the warm stage could increase by 0.027 ℃.