酸水解竹加工剩余物制还原糖的研究

目的]实现竹加工剩余物的高效利用,研究其酸水解工艺。方法]通过单因素试验研究了酸水解竹粉的影响因素。以总还原糖产量为指标,通过分析得出稀硫酸水解竹粉生产还原糖的最优反应条件。结果]单因素试验结果表明：料液比为1∶5～1∶7时,还原糖得率随浓酸体积的增加而增加;料液比为1∶5和1∶8时,还原糖得率分别为44.0%和41.6%;第1次水解温度为60℃时,还原糖得率最高,为65.3%;当硫酸浓度为15%～30%时,还原糖得率变化很小;还原糖得率随着水解时间的延长而降低;第2次水解时间为1.0h时,还原糖得率最高,为66.3%。正交试验结果表明：第1次水解温度的影响最大,其次为第2次水解时间,竹粉/浓硫酸比的影响最小;最佳反应条件为：竹粉与浓酸比（W/V）为1∶6,第1次水解温度为50℃,第2次水解温度为100℃,稀硫酸浓度为20%,水解时间为1h。结论]该研究为竹加工剩余物的开发利用提供了参考。

Study on Reducing Sugar Production from Residues of Bamboo Processing by Acid Hydrolysis

Objective] The aim was to realize efficient utilization of residues of bamboo processing and study its acid hydrolysis technology.Method] The influence factors of acid hydrolysis of bamboo powder were studied through single-factor test.With yield of total reducing sugar as index,the optimum reaction condition for reducing sugar production by hydrolyzing bamboo powder with dilute sulfuric acid was obtained through analysis.Result] The results from single-factor tests showed that when material-liquid ratio was 1∶5-1∶7,the yield rate of reducing sugar was increased along with the increase of thick acid volume;when material-liquid ratio was 1∶5 and 1∶8,the yield rates of reducing sugar were 44.0% and 41.6% resp.;when the 1st hydrolysis temperature was 60 ℃,the yield rate of reducing sugar was highest,being 65.3%;when sulfuric acid concn.was 15%-30%,the yield rate of reducing sugar changed little;the yield rate of reducing sugar was reduced along with extending of hydrolysis time;when the 2nd hydrolysis time was 1 h,the yield rate of reducing sugar was highest,being 66.3%.The results from orthogonal test showed that the influence of the 1st hydrolysis temperature was most and that of the 2nd hydrolysis time and bamboo powder/thick sulfuric acid ratio was least;the optimum reaction condition was as follows:the(W/V)ratio of bamboo powder to thick acid was 1∶6,the 1st hydrolysis temperature was 50 ℃,the 2nd hydrolysis temperature was 100 ℃,the concn.of dilute sulfuric acid was 20% and the hydrolysis time was 1 h.Conclusion] This study provided references for developing and utilizing residues of bamboo processing.