氮钾配比对莴笋品质的效应研究

目的]为生产优质、高产叶菜类蔬菜提供理论依据。方法]采用盆栽试验,设4个施肥处理,收获后,测定每盆产量和莴笋的硝酸盐、维生素C、氨基酸和可溶性糖含量。结果]不同施肥处理间莴笋产量有极显著差异,增施氮肥、钾肥莴笋产量增加13.9%~51.0%,以200 mg/kg N和100 mg/kg K处理增加幅度最大(51.0%)。增施氮肥使莴笋的Vc含量降低6.7%~10.1%,氨基酸含量增加24.9%~44.8%,对硝酸盐和可溶性糖的含量作用不一致,而增施钾莴笋硝酸盐含量增加22.7%,氨基酸和可溶性糖的含量分别降低15.2%和19.9%,对Vc的含量影响不大。结论]从莴笋产量和品质来看,200 mg/kg N和100 mg/kg K处理对莴笋的综合效应最好,为最佳处理。

Study on Effect of Applying Ratio of Nitrogen to Potassium on Quality of Lettuce

Objective] The study was to provide the theoretical basis for producing leaf vegetables with high quality and high yield.Method] 4 fertilizer treatments were designed in pot experiment.The yield of each pot,the contents of the nitrate,Vc,amino acids and soluble sugar of lettuce were detected after harvest.Result] The yields of lettuce among different fertilization treatments had extremely significant difference.The yields of lettuce could raise 13.9%-51.0% when the N and K application were increased,the treatment with 200 mg/kg N and 100 mg/kg K increased the yield to greatest extent(51.0%).N increasing application could decrease Vc content of 6.7%-10.1% and increase the amino acids content of 24.9%-44.8% in lettuce,and it had different effect on the nitrate and the soluble sugars.K increasing application could increase 22.7% of nitrate content and decrease the content of the amino acids and the soluble sugars of 15.2% and 19.9% resp,and it had little effect on Vc content.Conclusion] Considering from the yield and quality of lettuce,the treatment of 200 mg/kg N and 100 mg/kg K had the best comprehensive effect on lettuce,so that it was the optimal treatment.