不同立地条件下松材线虫病疫木伐除方式的探讨

采用标准地调查法,对湖北省恩施市松材线虫入侵森林的不同立地条件和不同采伐方式除治后的群落更新情况进行调查和分析。结果表明,立地条件良好的林分不论是皆伐或择伐,迹地恢复迅速,群落结构和生物多样性得到很大的改观;立地条件差的森林择伐后恢复缓慢,林分层次单调,而皆伐地群落极度退化,不能形成新的森林而被岩灌群落所替代。据此提出,松材线虫病的疫木除治应根据不同的立地条件因地制宜选择合适的采伐方式:立地条件良好、病害发生严重的林分可以皆伐;立地条件中等及以下的林分,只能采用择伐的方式,并辅以人工栽培措施及时进行群落的恢复与重建。

Discussion on Removal Way of Pine Wood with Thelaziasis under Different Site Conditions

With investigating method of standard plot,different site conditions of the wireworm invasion to forest and community regeneration after removal in different cutting ways were investigated and analyzed.The result indicated that,whether all cut down or selective felling with good site conditions,the slash restored rapidly,and community's structure and the biodiversity improved largely.Forest with bad site condition restored slowly after selective felling and the stand layer was monotonous,while the community in all cut down region extremely degenerated,and could not form the new forest and replaced by the crag and shrub.According to the above,for the elimination and control of pine wood with Thelaziasis the appropriate cutting way should be chosen in according with the different site conditions: The forest with good site condition and serious tree disease could be all cut down;The trees with a moderate and low level site condition only could be in the way of selective felling,and the community restoration and reconstruction would be assisted by the manual cultivation measures.