低温对寒地玉米种子萌发及幼苗抗氧化酶活性的影响

目的]研究寒地不同玉米（Zea maysL.）品种萌发及幼苗生长和抗氧化酶活性对低温的响应特性.方法]以14份寒地玉米品种为试材,在萌芽期及幼苗期对耐低温能力进行比较研究.结果]在低温下（5 ～ 15℃）,随着温度降低参试品种的发芽率均呈下降趋势.低温胁迫下各玉米品种幼苗的超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性增加,其中,泽玉16、绥玉19的变化最明显;各玉米品种幼苗的过氧化物酶（POD）活性增强,其中,久龙2、南北4、泽玉16、绥玉19的变化最明显;南北4、哲单37、海玉5的相对生长速率最高.结论]南北4、海玉5、哲单37为苗期耐低温型玉米品种;垦玉7、绥玉19、唐玉15、绥玉1、德美亚1、久龙2、蠡玉18为苗期中间型玉米品种;甘玉1、克单8、泽玉16、吉单522为苗期低温敏感型玉米品种.

Effects of Low Temperature on Seed Germination and Seedling Antioxidant Enzyme Activity of Maize（Zea mays L.） of Cold Region

Objective] The aim was to study the interaction characteristics of different maize cultivars seeds germination and seedlings growth and antioxidant enzyme activity in cold region.Method] Using 14 cold maize cultivars of cold region for the test material,its resistance to cold was comparatively researched at germination and seedling stage.Result] The germination rates of all maize cultivars declined with the temperature decreasing at the low temperatures（5-15 ℃）.At the low temperature stress,the SOD activity of seedlings of all maize cultivars enhanced,thereinto,the change of Zeyu 16 and Suiyu 19 were significant; their POD activities increased,thereinto,the change of Nanbei 4,Zeyu 16 and Suiyu t9 were significant; the relative growth rate of Nanbei 4,Zhedan 37 and Haiyu 5 were the highest.Conclusion] Nanbei 4,Haiyu 5 and Zhedan 37 belongs to low temperature-resistant type maize cultivars at seedling stage; Kenyu 7,Suiyu 19,Tangyu 15,Suiyu 1,Demeiya 1,Jiulong 2 and Liyu 18 belongs to intermediate type maize cultivars at seedling stage; Ganyu 1,Kedan 8,Zeyu 16 and Jidan 522 belongs to cold-sensitive type maize cultivars at seedling stage.