温度对美凤蝶滞育蛹发育的影响

目的]消除滞育对蝴蝶产业的不利影响。方法]利用人工气候箱，研究了温度对美凤蝶滞育蛹发育的影响。结果]研究结果显示，羽化温度在15、20、25和30℃时，滞育蛹最早羽化分别在第63、33、11和14天，发育历期分别为71．2、40．5、22.0和16．8d，羽化持续时间分别为16．0、16．0、14．0和6．0d。同时，低温处理（10℃）显示，25℃时，长光照下，低温处理0、20和40d后，滞育蛹分别在处理后第24、19和17天开始羽化，羽化时间持续分别为22．0、12．0和9．0d，发育历期分别为35．8、24．5和21．3d。结论]随着羽化温度升高和低温处理时间的延长，滞育蛹羽化时间提前，发育历期缩短，温度越高或低温处理时间越长，羽化越早，发育历期越短。25℃和低温处理20．0d滞育蛹的羽化率最高，是促进美风蝶滞育发育的较适合条件。

Effects of Temperature on Diapause Pupae of Papillio memnon L.

Objective ] In order to break the diapause of butterflyg pupae and benefit butterfly industry. Method ] The impact of temperature on diapause pupae development of Papilio memnon L. were investigated in artificial climate-chest. Result ] The results were as follows ： At 15, 20, 25 and 30 ℃, the first eclosion of adult from diapause pupae were at the 63rd, 33r d, 11 th and 14th day; developmental period of diapause pupae were 71.2, 40.5, 22.0 and 16.8 days; the time of eclosion was continued 16.0, 16.0, 14.0 and 6 days respectively. At 25 ℃, after the diapause pupae done with low temperature （ 10℃ ） for 0, 20 or 40 days, the first eelosion of adult from diapause pupae were 24th, 19th and 17th days; the time of eclosion last for 22.0, 12.0 and 9.0 days; developmental periods of diapause pupae were 35.8, 24.5 and 21.3 days. Conclusion] The conclusion as follows： the time of eelosion was ahead of schedule and the developmental period of diapause pupae was shortened along with the temperature rising and the time in the low temperature prolonging. The temperature was higher or the time in low temperature was longer, the time of eclosion was earlier and the developmental period of diapause pupae was shorter. Under the condition of 25℃ and 20.0 days in 10℃ environment, the eclosion rate was the highest, and the condition was suitable for the development of diapause pupae of Papilio memnon L.