蔬菜设施栽培土壤障碍修复技术研究——酒精处理对设施土壤理化性状的影响

目的]寻求解决设施土壤连作障碍的有效方法。方法]以连续11年种植黄瓜的设施土壤为研究对象,采用不同浓度酒精（0、0.5%、1.0%、1.5%、2.0%、2.5%、3.0%）对其进行喷施处理,然后再分别对各土样进行覆膜和不覆膜2种处理,25d后测定各处理土壤的理化性状。结果]随着酒精处理浓度的增加,土壤容重呈下降趋势,土壤含水量及孔隙度呈上升趋势;酒精处理对土壤pH值和有效氮、硫酸根含量及EC值均具有一定程度的影响,但对土壤有机质、有效磷及速效钾含量影响不大;酒精＋覆膜处理的效果大于未覆膜处理。结论]一定浓度的酒精处理可改善设施土壤的理化性状,其中酒精＋覆膜处理在保持土壤含水量及养分方面所产生的积极效应较明显。

Study on Remediation Technology of Greenhouse Soil Obstacle of Vegetables

Objective]The study was to seek an effective way of solving continuous cropping obstacle of greenhouse soil.Method]Greenhouse soil on which the cucumber was continuously planted for 11 years was taken as the researched object.The soil samples were treated by spraying alcohol with different concns.(0,0.5%,1.0%,1.5%,2.0%,2.5%,3.0%) and then 2 treatment (film mulching and no film mulching) on them were set up.The physiological and chemical characteristics of the soil in different treatments were measured after 25 d.Results]With the increase of alcohol concn,the soil bulk density was decreased while the soil moisture content and porosity were increased.The alcohol treatment had a certain extent effect on soil pH,available nitrogen content,sulfate radicals content and EC values,but had no significant effect on soil organic matter content,available phosphorus content and quick-acting potassium content.The effect of alcohol + film mulching was greater than that of no film mulching treatment.Conclusion]The treatment of alcohol with certain concn could improve the physiological and chemical characteristics of greenhouse soil.The positive effects of alcohol +film mulching on maintaining soil moisture and nutrient were obvious.