寒地水稻保护性耕作对稻田土壤生理生化状况的影响

目的]从耕作的角度探讨如何合理利用土壤,防止土壤肥力退化,维持地力,改善稻田生态环境,提高稻田土壤的生产力。方法]以水稻垦鉴稻10为材料,采用保护性耕作和常规耕作方式种植,研究水稻节水保护性耕作和常规耕作下土壤根系量、土壤理化性状、土壤酶、秸秆分解率、土壤温度及微生物变化的规律。结果]水稻节水保护性耕作条件下土壤理化性状明显改善,在旋耕部分根量占绝对优势,同时可降低土壤容重、增大土壤孔隙度、提高土壤速效养分,过氧化氢酶、酸性磷酸酶和脲酶活性分别比常规耕作高5.39%、14.52%、8.33%,蔗糖酶活性比常规低32.82%,表层、全耕层、深层秸秆粗分解率分别比常规耕作高11.71%、4.96%和9.10%,总细菌量大量增加,土壤温度明显改善。结论]水稻节水保护性耕作方式为黑龙江垦区农业生态发展奠定了良好的基础。

Effect of Protective Cultivation Patterns of Rice in Cold Areas on Soil Physiological and Biochemical Status

Objective]The research discuss on how to use the soil reasonably,prevent the degradation of soil fertility,maintain the land capability,improve the ecological environment of paddy field and improve the soil productivity of paddy field from the cultivation aspect.Method]Taking Kenjiandao 10 as materials,the change laws of root weight,soil physical and chemical characteristics,soil enzyme,straw decomposion rate,soil temperature,microorganism of rice under the planting patterns of water-saving protective cul...