不同播期对不同生育时期甜高粱品质性状的影响

目的]研究播期对不同生育时期甜高粱(Sorghum dochna)品质性状的影响,为其以后的栽培管理及生产应用提供理论依据。方法]以甜杂二号为试验材料,分别对不同播期(2009年4月10日,5月11日,6月10、27日)、不同生育时期(拔节期、抽穗期、乳熟期、蜡熟期、完熟期)甜高粱的粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗纤维含量及含糖量进行测定,以了解它们的积累规律。结果]同一播期下不同生育时期粗纤维含量在抽穗期之前呈先逐渐升高后又逐渐下降的趋势;粗蛋白含量的变化呈逐渐下降的趋势;粗脂肪含量呈现升高和下降2种变化趋势;含糖量大体上呈逐渐上升趋势,从第1播期(4月10日)的蜡熟期(9月10日)到第4播期(6月27日)的蜡熟期(11月16日),均能收获高含糖量的甜高粱茎秆,以此推算可以为生产酒精企业延长甜高粱的加工期60 d以上。结论]作为饲用,甜高粱的最佳收获期是在抽穗期以前,此时生物产量也达到最高;作为生产酒精的原材料,甜高粱的最佳收获时期是在蜡熟期。

Effects of Different Sowing Times on Qualities of Sweet Sorghum(Sorghum dochna) at Different Growth Stages

Objective] The aim was to study sowing times on qualities of sweet sorghum at different growth stages,and provide a theoretical basis for its cultivation and management and production and application in future.Method] The content of crude protein,crude fat,crude fiber and sugar of sweet sorghum Tianza No.2 at different growth stages(jointing stage,heading stage,milk ripe stage,dough stage and full ripe stage) under different sowing times(April 10th,May 11th,June 10th and 27th,2009)were determined to know their accumulation law.Result] The results showed that crude fiber content of sweet sorghum increased gradually before heading stage,and then decreased at different growth stages under the same sowing time.Its crude protein content appeared a trend of gradual decrease;Crude fat content exhibited two trends of decrease and increase;Sugar content had a gradually rising trend in general,and sweet sorghum stalks with high sugar content could be obtained from September 10th(dough stage of the first sowing time April 10th) to November 16th(dough stage of the forth sowing time June 27th).According to the sugar content changes,it was concluded that the processing period of producing alcohol enterprise could be extended above 60 days.Conclusion] The best harvest time of sweet sorghum was before heading stage when it was used as forage,while when it was used as materials of producing alcohol,its best harvest time was dough stage.